Hyphenation oforthonitroaniline
Syllable Division:
or-tho-ni-tro-a-ni-li-ne
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˌɔːθoʊnaɪtroʊˈænɪliːn/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00001001
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('ni' in 'aniline').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, vowel followed by a consonant.
Open syllable, consonant cluster followed by a vowel.
Open syllable, vowel followed by a consonant.
Open syllable, vowel followed by a consonant.
Open syllable, single vowel.
Closed syllable, vowel followed by a consonant.
Open syllable, vowel followed by a consonant.
Closed syllable, vowel followed by a consonant.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: ortho-
Greek origin, meaning 'straight' or 'correct', indicating 1,2-substitution.
Root: nitro-
Latin origin (*nitrum*), indicating the presence of a nitro group (-NO2).
Suffix: aniline
Derived from anil, the indigo dye plant; the base aromatic amine structure.
An organic compound with the chemical formula C6H6N2O2. It is a yellow crystalline solid used in the manufacture of dyes and other organic chemicals.
Examples:
"Orthonitroaniline is a key intermediate in the production of para-nitroaniline."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with alternating vowel-consonant patterns.
Similar structure, but with more complex consonant clusters.
Shorter, but demonstrates the same principle of dividing around vowel nuclei.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel + Consonant
Syllables are typically divided between vowel and consonant sounds.
Consonant Cluster + Vowel
When a consonant cluster precedes a vowel, the syllable break occurs before the vowel.
Single Vowel
A single vowel constitutes a syllable.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Potential reduction of the vowel in 'ortho-' to /ə/ in some pronunciations.
The 'th' digraph is treated as a single phoneme.
Summary:
Orthonitroaniline is an eight-syllable word (or-tho-ni-tro-a-ni-li-ne) with primary stress on the penultimate syllable. It's a chemical compound formed from the 'ortho-', 'nitro-', and 'aniline' morphemes. Syllable division follows standard English vowel-consonant rules.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "orthonitroaniline" (English (GB))
1. Pronunciation Considerations:
The word "orthonitroaniline" presents challenges due to its length and the presence of multiple vowels and consonant clusters. The pronunciation in British English (GB) will be the basis of this analysis.
2. Syllable Division:
Following English syllable division rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- ortho-: Prefix (Greek origin, meaning "straight" or "correct"). Indicates the 1,2-substitution pattern on the benzene ring.
- nitro-: Root (Latin nitrum meaning "natron"). Indicates the presence of a nitro group (-NO2).
- aniline: Root (Derived from anil, the indigo dye plant). The base aromatic amine structure.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: o-rtho-ni-tro-a-ni-line.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˌɔːθoʊnaɪtroʊˈænɪliːn/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- or-: /ɔːr/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel + Consonant. Exception: The 'r' is a post-vocalic r, which can influence vowel quality.
- tho-: /θoʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant Cluster + Vowel. Exception: The 'th' digraph is a single phoneme.
- ni-: /naɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel + Consonant.
- tro-: /troʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel + Consonant.
- a-: /æ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel.
- ni-: /nɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel + Consonant.
- li-: /liː/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel + Consonant.
- ne: /nɪn/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel + Consonant.
7. Edge Case Review:
The 'ortho-' prefix can sometimes be pronounced with a reduced vowel /ə/. However, the full /ɔː/ is more common in technical contexts. The 'ni' syllable before 'line' is a potential point of ambiguity, but the stress pattern and overall pronunciation clarify it.
8. Grammatical Role:
"Orthonitroaniline" primarily functions as a noun, specifically a chemical compound. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical role.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: An organic compound with the chemical formula C6H6N2O2. It is a yellow crystalline solid used in the manufacture of dyes and other organic chemicals.
- Grammatical Category: Noun
- Synonyms: None commonly used.
- Antonyms: N/A
- Examples: "Orthonitroaniline is a key intermediate in the production of para-nitroaniline."
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the provided IPA transcription represents standard GB pronunciation, slight variations may occur. Some speakers might reduce the vowel in 'ortho-' to /ə/. American English pronunciation would differ, likely with a more flattened 'a' sound in 'aniline'.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- Trinitrotoluene (TNT): tri-ni-tro-tol-u-ene. Similar syllable structure with alternating vowel-consonant patterns. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable, like "orthonitroaniline".
- Dinitrophenylhydrazine: di-ni-tro-phe-nyl-hy-dra-zine. Again, similar structure, but with more complex consonant clusters.
- Benzonitrile: ben-zo-ni-trile. Shorter, but demonstrates the same principle of dividing around vowel nuclei.
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In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.