Hyphenation ofunperpendicularly
Syllable Division:
un-per-pen-dic-u-lar-ly
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ʌnˌpɜːpənˈdɪkjʊləri/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000100
Primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable (/ˈdɪk/).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, weak stress.
Open syllable, weak stress.
Open syllable, weak stress.
Closed syllable, weak stress.
Open syllable, weak stress.
Open syllable, weak stress.
Open syllable, weak stress.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: un-
Old English, negation
Root: perpend
Latin *perpendere* - to weigh carefully, consider; meaning 'at right angles'
Suffix: -icular
Latin *-icularis* - forming adjectives relating to shape or position
In a manner that is not at right angles; not straight or level.
Examples:
"The fence posts were not set unperpendicularly."
"The picture hung unperpendicularly on the wall."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar structure with prefixes and suffixes; consistent stress pattern.
Similar prefix and suffix structure; consistent stress pattern.
Similar suffix structure; consistent stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset-Rime
Syllables are divided based on the onset (initial consonant(s)) and rime (vowel and any following consonants).
Vowel-Consonant Division
When a vowel is followed by a consonant, the syllable is typically divided after the vowel.
Consonant Cluster Division
Consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The word's length and complex morphology require careful application of syllabification rules.
The presence of the schwa sound /ə/ in some syllables contributes to their weak stress.
Regional variations in pronunciation might slightly alter the syllable boundaries, but the overall structure remains consistent.
Summary:
The word 'unperpendicularly' is a seven-syllable adverb with primary stress on the antepenultimate syllable. Syllabification follows standard English onset-rime division rules, and its structure aligns with other complex adverbs featuring similar prefixes and suffixes.
Detailed Analysis:
Analysis of "unperpendicularly" (English (GB))
1. Pronunciation: The word is pronounced /ʌnˌpɜːpənˈdɪkjʊləri/ in General British English.
2. Syllable Division: un-per-pen-dic-u-lar-ly
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: un- (Old English) - Negation.
- Root: perpend (Latin perpendere - to weigh carefully, consider) - Meaning 'at right angles'.
- Suffix: -icular (Latin -icularis) - Forming adjectives relating to shape or position.
- Suffix: -ly (Old English -lice) - Adverbial suffix, converting an adjective into an adverb.
4. Stress Identification: The primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable: /ʌnˌpɜːpənˈdɪkjʊləri/.
5. Phonetic Transcription: /ʌnˌpɜːpənˈdɪkjʊləri/
6. Edge Case Review: The sequence of vowels and consonants presents a challenge, but standard English syllabification rules apply.
7. Grammatical Role: The word functions solely as an adverb. There are no shifts in syllabification or stress based on grammatical role.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: In a manner that is not at right angles; not straight or level.
- Grammatical Category: Adverb
- Synonyms: askew, obliquely, crookedly
- Antonyms: perpendicularly, directly, straightly
- Examples: "The fence posts were not set unperpendicularly." "The picture hung unperpendicularly on the wall."
9. Phonological Comparison:
- Immediately: im-me-di-ate-ly - Similar structure with prefixes and suffixes. Stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable.
- Unquestionably: un-ques-tion-a-bly - Similar prefix and suffix structure. Stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable.
- Considerably: con-sid-er-a-bly - Similar suffix structure. Stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable.
These words demonstrate a consistent pattern of stress placement on the antepenultimate syllable when containing similar prefixes and suffixes.
Detailed Syllable Analysis:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Description | Rule Applied | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| un | /ʌn/ | Open syllable, weak stress | Onset-Rime division, vowel followed by consonant | None |
| per | /pɜː/ | Open syllable, weak stress | Onset-Rime division, vowel followed by consonant | None |
| pen | /pən/ | Open syllable, weak stress | Onset-Rime division, vowel followed by consonant | None |
| dic | /dɪk/ | Closed syllable, weak stress | Onset-Rime division, consonant cluster followed by vowel | None |
| u | /ju/ | Open syllable, weak stress | Vowel sound | None |
| lar | /lər/ | Open syllable, weak stress | Onset-Rime division, vowel followed by consonant | None |
| ly | /li/ | Open syllable, weak stress | Onset-Rime division, vowel followed by consonant | None |
Division Rules Applied:
- Onset-Rime: Syllables are divided based on the onset (initial consonant(s)) and rime (vowel and any following consonants).
- Vowel-Consonant Division: When a vowel is followed by a consonant, the syllable is typically divided after the vowel.
- Consonant Cluster Division: Consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable.
Special Considerations:
- The word's length and complex morphology require careful application of syllabification rules.
- The presence of the schwa sound /ə/ in some syllables contributes to their weak stress.
- Regional variations in pronunciation might slightly alter the syllable boundaries, but the overall structure remains consistent.
Short Analysis:
"Unperpendicularly" is a seven-syllable adverb formed from the prefix "un-", the root "perpend", and the suffixes "-icular" and "-ly". The primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable. Syllabification follows standard English onset-rime division rules, with vowels typically separating syllables. The word's structure is consistent with other complex adverbs formed with similar prefixes and suffixes.
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