Hyphenation ofcinquantenaires
Syllable Division:
cin-quan-te-nai-res
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/sɛ̃.kɑ̃.tə.nɛʁ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00001
Primary stress falls on the final syllable '-res'. French typically stresses the last syllable of a word.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, nasal vowel.
Open syllable, nasal vowel.
Open syllable, schwa.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, schwa.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: cinquant-
From Old French 'cinquant', ultimately from Latin 'quinquaginta' meaning 'fifty'. Numerical prefix.
Root:
None; the prefix functions as a complete numerical base.
Suffix: -enaires
From Old French '-enaires', ultimately from Latin '-anarius' forming an adjective denoting belonging or relation. Forms a plural noun.
People in their fifties.
Translation: Fifties (people in their fifties).
Examples:
"Les cinquantenaires se souviennent de cette époque."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar structure with nasal vowels and final stress.
Similar structure with nasal vowels and final stress.
Similar structure with nasal vowels and final stress.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Nucleus Rule
Every vowel sound constitutes the nucleus of a syllable.
Nasal Vowel Preservation
Syllable breaks do not occur within nasal vowel sequences (e.g., 'an', 'en').
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Nasal vowels require special handling; they are treated as single vowel sounds.
Liaison with following vowel sounds is possible but doesn't affect syllabification.
Stress is generally on the final syllable, but a weaker stress may be present on the penultimate syllable in longer words.
Summary:
The word 'cinquantenaires' is divided into five syllables based on vowel sounds, respecting French syllabification rules that avoid breaking up nasal vowels. Stress falls on the final syllable. The word is a noun denoting people in their fifties, derived from Latin roots.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "cinquantenaires"
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "cinquantenaires" refers to people in their fifties. Its pronunciation in standard French is approximately [sɛ̃.kɑ̃.tə.nɛʁ]. It presents challenges due to nasal vowels, liaison possibilities, and the presence of multiple vowels.
2. Syllable Division:
Following French syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid breaking consonant clusters unless they are complex, the division is as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: cinquant- (from Old French cinquant, ultimately from Latin quinquaginta 'fifty'). Function: Numerical prefix.
- Root: - (none, the prefix functions as a complete numerical base)
- Suffix: -enaires (from Old French enaires, ultimately from Latin -anarius forming an adjective denoting belonging or relation). Function: Forms a plural noun denoting people.
4. Stress Identification:
In French, stress typically falls on the last syllable of a word or phrase. However, in longer words, there's a tendency for a weaker stress on the penultimate syllable. In "cinquantenaires", the primary stress is on the final syllable "-naires".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/sɛ̃.kɑ̃.tə.nɛʁ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- cin- /sɛ̃/ - Open syllable. Rule: Every vowel sound constitutes the nucleus of a syllable. Exception: Nasal vowel.
- quan- /kɑ̃/ - Open syllable. Rule: Every vowel sound constitutes the nucleus of a syllable. Exception: Nasal vowel.
- te- /tə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Every vowel sound constitutes the nucleus of a syllable.
- nai- /nɛ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Every vowel sound constitutes the nucleus of a syllable.
- res /ʁə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Every vowel sound constitutes the nucleus of a syllable.
7. Edge Case Review:
The nasal vowels /ɛ̃/ and /ɑ̃/ require special consideration. French syllabification doesn't break syllables within nasal vowels. The "en" and "an" sequences are treated as single vowel sounds forming the nucleus of their respective syllables.
8. Grammatical Role:
"Cinquantenaires" is exclusively a noun (plural). Syllabification remains consistent regardless of grammatical context.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: People in their fifties.
- Translation: Fifties (people in their fifties).
- Part of Speech: Noun (masculine plural)
- Synonyms: personnes d'une cinquantaine d'années
- Antonyms: jeunes, adolescents
- Examples: "Les cinquantenaires se souviennent de cette époque." (People in their fifties remember that time.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Pronunciation is relatively standard. However, some regional variations might slightly alter vowel quality, but not syllable division. Liaison between "cinquantenaires" and a following vowel sound is common.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- quarantaines /ka.ʁɑ̃.tin/ - Syllables: qua-ran-tines. Similar structure with nasal vowels.
- trentenaires /tʁɑ̃.tə.nɛʁ/ - Syllables: tren-te-naires. Similar structure with nasal vowels and final stress.
- soixantenaires /swa.sɑ̃.tə.nɛʁ/ - Syllables: soix-ante-naires. Similar structure with nasal vowels and final stress.
The consistency in syllable division across these words demonstrates the application of the same rules: vowel-based syllabification, preservation of nasal vowel units, and final stress.
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