Hyphenation ofgrammaticalisation

Linguistic Analysis of "grammaticalisation" (French)

1. Pronunciation Examination:

The word "grammaticalisation" is pronounced with a final schwa /ə/, a common feature in French. The stress falls on the penultimate syllable. The 's' between vowels is pronounced as /z/.

2. Syllable Division:

Following French syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid stranded consonants, the word divides as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: grammatical- (from Latin grammaticus, meaning "grammatical") - provides the semantic base relating to grammar.
• Root: grammat- (Latin root for 'grammar')
• Suffix: -isation (from French -isation, ultimately from Greek -sis + -ion - forms a noun denoting a process or action. This suffix is highly productive in French.)

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: "ti-sa-tion".

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.za.sjɔ̃/

6. Syllable List with IPA and Rule Explanations:

• gra /ɡʁa/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No consonant clusters impede division.
• ma /ma/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
• ti /ti/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
• ka /ka/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
• li /li/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
• sa /sa/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
• tion /sjɔ̃/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster /sjɔ̃/ forms a syllable. The nasal vowel /ɔ̃/ acts as the nucleus.

7. Syllable Division Rules Applied:

• Vowel Nucleus Rule: Each syllable must contain a vowel sound.
• Avoid Stranded Consonants: Consonants are generally not left at the beginning of a syllable unless part of a consonant cluster.
• Consonant Cluster Rule: Consonant clusters are grouped together within a syllable if they can be pronounced as a unit.

8. Exceptions/Special Cases:

The final "-tion" is a common suffix and its syllabification is standard. The pronunciation of the 's' as /z/ between vowels is a regular phonetic process in French.

9. Grammatical Role:

"Grammaticalisation" is a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (as it primarily functions as a noun).

10. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: The process by which grammatical functions are expressed through lexical items (words) that originally had a different meaning.
• Translation: Grammaticalization
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine)
• Synonyms: évolution grammaticale (grammatical evolution)
• Antonyms: dégrammaticalisation (degrammaticalization - though less common)
• Examples:
  • "La grammaticalisation des prépositions est un phénomène courant en français." (The grammaticalization of prepositions is a common phenomenon in French.)

11. Phonological Comparison:

• nationalisation: na-tio-na-li-sa-tion - Similar syllable structure, with a suffix "-tion". Stress pattern is also similar (penultimate syllable).
• organisation: o-rga-ni-sa-tion - Again, "-tion" suffix. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
• civilisation: ci-vi-li-sa-tion - Similar structure, with the "-tion" suffix and penultimate stress.

The consistency in these words demonstrates the regular application of French syllabification rules, particularly regarding the "-tion" suffix. The differences in initial syllables reflect the different consonant and vowel combinations.