Hyphenation ofimmunoglobulines

Linguistic Analysis of "immunoglobulines" (French)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "immunoglobulines" is a complex noun in French, referring to antibodies. Its pronunciation involves a series of vowel and consonant sounds typical of the language, with a tendency towards elision and liaison in connected speech.

2. Syllable Division:

Following French syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: im- (Latin, meaning "not" or "without" - negating function)
• Root: mun(o)- (Latin, from munus meaning "duty, service, defense" - core meaning related to immunity)
• Interfix: -globul- (Latin, from globulus meaning "little globe" - relating to the spherical shape of proteins)
• Suffix: -ines (French, pluralizing suffix for feminine nouns)

4. Stress Identification:

In French, stress typically falls on the last syllable of a word or phrase. In this case, the final syllable "-ines" receives the primary stress.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/im.y.no.ɡlo.by.lin/

6. Edge Case Review:

French syllabification generally avoids leaving a single consonant between vowels. This rule is followed here. The 'g' in 'globulines' is not a potential syllable onset as it's followed by a vowel within the same morpheme.

7. Grammatical Role:

"Immunoglobulines" is exclusively a noun. As such, its syllabification and stress pattern remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Antibodies produced by the immune system to neutralize pathogens.
• Translation: Immunoglobulins (English)
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine, plural)
• Synonyms: anticorps (antibodies)
• Antonyms: None directly applicable (it's a functional category)
• Examples:
  • "Les immunoglobulines sont essentielles pour la défense de l'organisme." (Immunoglobulins are essential for the body's defense.)
  • "Un test a révélé un taux élevé d'immunoglobulines." (A test revealed a high level of immunoglobulins.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• "responsabilités" (responsibilities): re-spon-sa-bi-li-tés - Similar structure with multiple syllables and a final stressed syllable.
• "possibilités" (possibilities): pos-si-bi-li-tés - Shares the "-ilités" suffix and a similar stress pattern.
• "difficultés" (difficulties): di-fi-cu-li-tés - Demonstrates the common French pattern of multiple syllables ending in a vowel-consonant cluster.

Syllable Breakdown Details:

• im-: /im/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable onset is a consonant, followed by a vowel. No exceptions.
• mu-: /my/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel follows a consonant. Potential exception: nasal vowel pronunciation.
• no-: /no/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel follows a consonant.
• glo-: /ɡlo/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel follows a consonant.
• bu-: /by/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel follows a consonant.
• li-: /li/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel follows a consonant.
• nes: /nin/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster at the end of the word forms a closed syllable.

Exceptions & Special Cases:

• The nasal vowel /y/ in "mu-" and "nes" requires consideration of French nasal vowel pronunciation rules.
• The word's length and complex morphology require careful application of syllabification rules to avoid incorrect divisions.

Division Rules Applied:

1. Onset-Rime: Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus, with optional consonant onsets and rimes.
2. Vowel Grouping: Vowels within a single morpheme generally remain within the same syllable.
3. Consonant Clusters: Consonant clusters are broken up according to sonority hierarchy, but avoiding leaving a single consonant between vowels.
4. Final Syllable Stress: Stress falls on the final syllable.