Hyphenation ofimmunotolérants

Linguistic Analysis of "immunotolérants" (French)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "immunotolérants" is a French adjective meaning "immunotolerant." It's a complex word built from multiple morphemes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to liaison and elision possibilities, but for the core syllabification, we focus on the orthographic structure.

2. Syllable Division:

The syllable division, adhering to the rule of maximizing onsets and avoiding stranded consonants, is as follows (using only the original letters):

im-mu-no-to-lé-rants

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: im- (Latin) - negating prefix, equivalent to "un-" in English.
• Root: mun(o)- (Latin immunis) - relating to immunity, defense.
• Root: tolér- (Latin tolerare) - to endure, bear, allow.
• Suffix: -ants (French) - adjectival suffix forming the present participle, indicating a quality or state.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: lé. This is typical for French adjectives.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/im.y.no.tɔ.le.ʁɑ̃/

6. Edge Case Review:

French syllabification generally avoids leaving a single consonant as the onset of a syllable. This is why "to-" is not divided as "t-o". The nasal vowel /ɑ̃/ in the final syllable is a common feature of French and doesn't pose a special syllabification challenge.

7. Grammatical Role:

"Immunotolérants" primarily functions as an adjective. As an adjective, the stress pattern remains consistent. It can also function as a noun (masculine plural) meaning "immunotolerant individuals," but the syllabification and stress remain unchanged.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Exhibiting or relating to immunological tolerance, a state where the immune system does not attack the body's own tissues or foreign substances.
• Translation: Immunotolerant
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (masculine plural) / Noun (masculine plural)
• Synonyms: tolérant immunologiquement (immunologically tolerant)
• Antonyms: immunoréactif (immunoreactive)
• Examples:
  • "Les patients immunotolérants ne rejettent pas la greffe." (Immunotolerant patients do not reject the graft.)
  • "Ce traitement vise à rendre les patients immunotolérants." (This treatment aims to make patients immunotolerant.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• important: im-por-tant (3 syllables) - Similar structure with a prefix and root, stress on the penultimate syllable.
• intolérable: in-to-lé-ra-ble (5 syllables) - Shares the tolér- root, stress on the penultimate syllable.
• immunisé: im-mu-ni-sé (4 syllables) - Shares the immun- root, stress on the penultimate syllable.

These words demonstrate the consistent application of penultimate stress in French adjectives and the tendency to group consonant clusters into onsets.

10. Division Rules:

• Maximize Onsets: Consonant clusters are generally kept together as onsets (e.g., im-).
• Avoid Stranded Consonants: Consonants are not left alone to begin a syllable unless absolutely necessary.
• Vowel-Centric Syllables: Each syllable typically contains a vowel sound.
• Penultimate Stress: Stress falls on the second-to-last syllable in most French words, especially adjectives.

11. Special Considerations:

The word's length and complex morphology require careful application of the rules. Liaison possibilities (e.g., with a following vowel) don't affect the core syllabification based on the written form.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is /im.y.no.tɔ.le.ʁɑ̃/, some regional variations might exist in the realization of the nasal vowel /ɑ̃/. However, these variations do not alter the syllabification.