Hyphenation ofkératinisations

Linguistic Analysis of "kératinisations" (French)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "kératinisations" is a French noun meaning "keratinizations." It's a relatively complex word, built upon a Greek root and heavily inflected with French suffixes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to liaison and elision possibilities, though these don't directly affect the core syllabification.

2. Syllable Division:

Following French syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid breaking consonant clusters unless they are complex and involve a sonorant consonant, the word divides as follows (using only the original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: None
• Root: kératin- (from Greek keratin - κέρατιν, meaning "horn"). This is the base denoting the protein.
• Suffix: -isations (a complex suffix built from multiple morphemes):
  • -isation (from French isation, ultimately from Latin -atio). This suffix transforms a verb into a noun, denoting the process or result of an action.
  • -s (French plural marker).

4. Stress Identification:

In French, stress typically falls on the last syllable of a word or phrase. In this case, the stress falls on the final syllable: "-tions".

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ke.ʁa.ti.ni.za.sjɔ̃/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• ké- /ke/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel sounds. No consonant clusters to break. Exception: The acute accent on 'é' doesn't affect syllabification, only pronunciation.
• -ra- /ʁa/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel sound 'a' forms the nucleus. 'r' is a single consonant.
• -ti- /ti/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel sound 'i' forms the nucleus. 't' is a single consonant.
• -ni- /ni/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel sound 'i' forms the nucleus. 'n' is a single consonant.
• -sa- /sa/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel sound 'a' forms the nucleus. 's' is a single consonant.
• -sjɔ̃ /sjɔ̃/ - Closed syllable. Rule: The nasal vowel /ɔ̃/ forms the nucleus. The consonant cluster 'sj' is permissible in French. Exception: The 's' before the nasal vowel creates a palatalized sound, but doesn't alter the syllable division.

7. Edge Case Review:

The 'sj' cluster is a common occurrence in French and doesn't pose a syllabification challenge. The word's length and multiple suffixes are the primary complexities.

8. Grammatical Role:

"Kératinisations" is primarily a noun. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: The process or result of keratinizing; the formation of keratin.
• Translation: Keratinizations
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine plural)
• Synonyms: None readily available (it's a technical term).
• Antonyms: None readily available.
• Examples:
  • "L'étude des kératinisations de la peau." (The study of skin keratinizations.)
  • "Les kératinisations anormales peuvent indiquer une maladie." (Abnormal keratinizations can indicate a disease.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Pronunciation might vary slightly based on regional accents, particularly regarding the realization of the 'r' sound. However, these variations don't affect the core syllabification rules.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• civilisations: ci-vi-li-sa-tions - Similar structure with multiple suffixes. Stress on the final syllable.
• organisations: or-ga-ni-sa-tions - Similar structure, stress on the final syllable.
• informations: in-for-ma-tions - Similar structure, stress on the final syllable.

The consistency in stress placement (final syllable) and the application of vowel-centered syllabification rules demonstrate the regularity of French phonology. The length of the word and the number of suffixes are the main factors influencing the number of syllables.