Hyphenation ofpharmacologiques
Syllable Division:
phar-ma-co-lo-gi-ques
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/faʁ.ma.kɔ.lɔ.ʒik/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000010
Primary stress falls on the final syllable '-gi-ques', as is typical in French. All other syllables are unstressed.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, contains a nasal vowel.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable, final syllable, stressed.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: pharmaco-
Greek origin (φάρμακον), relating to drugs.
Root: log-
Greek origin (λόγος), study of.
Suffix: -ologiques
Combination of -ique (Latin, adjective forming) and -s (plural).
Relating to the study of the action of drugs.
Translation: Pharmacological
Examples:
"Les effets pharmacologiques de ce médicament sont importants."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the same '-logiques' suffix and similar syllable structure.
Shares the same '-logiques' suffix and similar syllable structure.
Shares the same '-logiques' suffix and similar syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-centric Syllabification
Each vowel sound forms the nucleus of a syllable.
Avoid Stranded Consonants
Consonants are assigned to the syllable that creates the most natural phonetic grouping.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The word follows standard French syllabification rules without significant exceptions.
Liaison possibilities exist depending on the following word, but do not affect the syllable division.
Summary:
The word 'pharmacologiques' is divided into six syllables: phar-ma-co-lo-gi-ques. Stress falls on the final syllable. It's built from Greek and Latin morphemes, and its syllabification follows standard French vowel-centric rules, avoiding stranded consonants. It functions primarily as an adjective.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "pharmacologiques" (French)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "pharmacologiques" is a French adjective meaning "pharmacological." It's a relatively complex word, built from multiple morphemes. Pronunciation follows standard French rules, with liaison possibilities depending on the following word.
2. Syllable Division:
Following French syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid stranded consonants, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- pharmaco-: Prefix of Greek origin (φάρμακον, pharmakon - drug, medicine). Functions as a combining form indicating relation to drugs.
- -log-: Root of Greek origin (λόγος, logos - study, word, reason). Indicates a field of study.
- -ique: Suffix of Latin origin. Forms adjectives.
- -s: Suffix indicating plural (masculine).
4. Stress Identification:
In French, stress typically falls on the last syllable of a word or phrase. In this case, the final syllable "-logiques" receives the primary stress.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/faʁ.ma.kɔ.lɔ.ʒik/
6. Edge Case Review:
French syllabification generally avoids leaving a single consonant between vowels. This is observed in the division of "pharmacologiques." The 'c' before 'o' is not stranded.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Pharmacologiques" is primarily an adjective. As an adjective, the stress pattern remains consistent. It can also function as a noun (less common), but the syllabification and stress remain unchanged.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to the study of the action of drugs.
- Translation: Pharmacological (English)
- Grammatical Category: Adjective (masculine plural)
- Synonyms: médicamenteux, thérapeutique (depending on context)
- Antonyms: non pharmacologique
- Examples: "Les effets pharmacologiques de ce médicament sont importants." (The pharmacological effects of this drug are important.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- psychologiques: /psi.kɔ.lɔ.ʒik/ - Syllable division: psy-cho-lo-gi-ques. Similar structure, same suffix.
- biologiques: /bi.ɔ.lɔ.ʒik/ - Syllable division: bio-lo-gi-ques. Similar structure, same suffix.
- toxicologiques: /tɔ.si.kɔ.lɔ.ʒik/ - Syllable division: to-xi-co-lo-gi-ques. Similar structure, same suffix.
The syllable division is consistent across these words, demonstrating the regular application of French syllabification rules. The presence of the "-logiques" suffix consistently dictates the final syllable.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
There are minimal regional variations in the pronunciation of this word. However, some speakers might slightly reduce the vowel sounds in unstressed syllables. This wouldn't significantly alter the syllable division.
11. Division Rules Applied:
- Vowel-centric Syllabification: Each vowel sound generally forms the nucleus of a syllable.
- Avoid Stranded Consonants: Consonants are generally assigned to the syllable that provides the most natural phonetic grouping.
- Final Syllable Stress: French typically stresses the final syllable.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.