Hyphenation ofsous-développé

Analysis of "sous-développé"

1. Pronunciation: The word "sous-développé" is pronounced approximately as /su.de.vɔ.pe/. The liaison between "sous" and "dé-" is common, but not obligatory.

2. Syllable Division: The syllable division, adhering to the rule of maximizing onsets and avoiding stranded consonants, is as follows:

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: sous- (Latin sub- meaning "under, below"). Morphological function: adverbial prefix indicating inferiority or incompleteness.
• Root: développ- (from développer, ultimately from Latin developare meaning "to unfold"). Morphological function: verb stem indicating growth or evolution.
• Suffix: -é (past participle ending, also used to form adjectives). Morphological function: indicates a completed action or a state resulting from an action.

4. Stress Identification: The primary stress falls on the final syllable: /su.de.vɔ.pe/. This is typical for French adjectives ending in a vowel.

5. Phonetic Transcription: /su.de.vɔ.pe/

6. Edge Case Review: The hyphenated structure of the word presents a slight complexity. However, French syllable division generally treats hyphenated compounds as single words for the purpose of syllabification, applying the standard rules.

7. Grammatical Role: "Sous-développé" functions primarily as an adjective (meaning "underdeveloped"). As an adjective, the stress pattern remains consistent. It can also function as a past participle used adjectivally.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Not fully developed; immature; lacking sufficient growth or advancement.
• Translation: Underdeveloped
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (masculine singular)
• Synonyms: immature, inachevé, imparfait
• Antonyms: développé, mature, parfait
• Examples:
  • "Un pays sous-développé." (An underdeveloped country.)
  • "Une économie sous-développée." (An underdeveloped economy.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• "développé": dé-vel-op-pé. Similar structure, stress on the final syllable.
• "sous-marin": sous-ma-rin. Similar prefix, stress on the final syllable.
• "sur-développé": sur-dé-vel-op-pé. Similar prefix and root, stress on the final syllable.

The consistency in stress placement on the final syllable in these words highlights the typical stress pattern for French adjectives and past participles used adjectivally.

Syllable Breakdown Details:

• sou-: /su/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-Vowel (CV) structure. No exceptions.
• -dé-: /de/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel-Consonant-Vowel (VCV) structure, with the consonant 'd' belonging to the following syllable. Exception: Liaison is possible, but doesn't affect syllabification.
• -vel-: /vɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-Vowel (CV) structure. No exceptions.
• -op-: /pə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel-Consonant (VC) structure. No exceptions.
• -pé-: /pe/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-Vowel (CV) structure. This syllable receives the primary stress. No exceptions.

Exceptions/Special Cases:

• The hyphenated structure requires treating the entire word as a unit for syllabification, rather than applying rules to each part independently.
• Liaison between "sous" and "dé" is a phonetic phenomenon that doesn't alter the syllabic structure.

Division Rules Applied:

• Maximize Onsets: Syllables prefer to begin with a consonant whenever possible.
• Avoid Stranded Consonants: Consonants are generally assigned to the syllable that provides the most natural phonetic grouping.
• Vowel-Consonant-Vowel (VCV): When a vowel is surrounded by consonants, the consonant typically joins the following syllable.