Hyphenation ofsténographique

Linguistic Analysis of "sténographique" (French)

1. Pronunciation & Initial Examination:

The word "sténographique" is a French adjective meaning "stenographic." Its pronunciation involves a blend of consonant clusters and vowel sounds typical of French. The 'é' represents a close-mid front vowel /e/, and the 'eu' diphthong is present.

2. Syllable Division:

Following French syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid breaking consonant clusters unless they are complex, the word divides as follows:

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: sténo- (from Greek stenos meaning "narrow, tight") - denotes brevity or shorthand.
• Root: -graph- (from Greek grapho meaning "to write") - relates to writing.
• Suffix: -ique (Latin origin) - forms adjectives.

4. Stress Identification:

In French, stress typically falls on the last syllable of a word or phrase. Therefore, the stress falls on "-graphique".

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ste.no.ɡʁa.fik/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

• ste- /ste/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel sounds. The 'e' is a vowel, creating the first syllable. No exceptions.
• -no- /no/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel follows a consonant, forming a syllable. No exceptions.
• -gra- /ɡʁa/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel follows a consonant, forming a syllable. No exceptions.
• -fik /fik/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster 'fik' closes the syllable. The final 'k' sound is pronounced. No exceptions.

7. Edge Case Review:

The consonant cluster "str" at the beginning of the word doesn't cause a syllable break because French allows initial consonant clusters. The 'eu' diphthong is treated as a single vowel sound for syllabification purposes.

8. Grammatical Role:

"Sténographique" primarily functions as an adjective. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of its grammatical role.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to stenography; shorthand.
• Translation: Stenographic
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: shorthand, abrégé (shortened)
• Antonyms: longhand, détaillé (detailed)
• Examples:
  • "une transcription sténographique" (a stenographic transcription)
  • "un système d'écriture sténographique" (a stenographic writing system)

10. Phonological Comparison:

• photographique /fo.to.ɡʁa.fik/ - Syllables: pho-to-gra-fik. Similar structure, ending in '-grafik'.
• biographique /bi.jo.ɡʁa.fik/ - Syllables: bio-gra-fik. Similar structure, ending in '-grafik'.
• chronologique /kʁɔ.no.lɔ.ʒik/ - Syllables: chro-no-lo-jik. Demonstrates a different syllable structure with multiple vowels and consonant clusters, but still adheres to the vowel-centric syllabification.

11. Division Rules:

• Vowel-Centric Syllabification: Each syllable contains a vowel sound.
• Consonant Cluster Rule: Consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable unless they are complex and disrupt the flow of pronunciation.
• Final Syllable Rule: The final syllable can be closed (ending in a consonant) or open (ending in a vowel).

12. Special Considerations:

The pronunciation of the 'e' in "sténo-" can vary slightly depending on regional accents, but the syllabification remains consistent.

13. Short Analysis:

"Sténographique" is a four-syllable French adjective derived from Greek and Latin roots. Syllabification follows vowel-centric rules, resulting in "ste-no-gra-fik". Stress falls on the final syllable. The word relates to shorthand writing and is commonly used in contexts involving transcription and documentation.