Hyphenation offarmacovigilanza
Syllable Division:
far-ma-co-vi-gi-lan-za
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/farmako.vi.dʒi.lan.tsa/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0001001
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('lan').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, consonant-vowel.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: farma-
From Latin *pharmacon* meaning 'drug, medicine'. Denotes relation to drugs/pharmacy.
Root: -co-
Linking vowel, from Latin *con-* meaning 'with, together'. Connects prefix and suffix.
Suffix: -vigilanza
From Latin *vigilantia* meaning 'watchfulness, alertness'. Denotes the state of being watchful or alert.
The science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem.
Translation: Pharmacovigilance
Examples:
"La farmacovigilanza è essenziale per la sicurezza dei pazienti."
"Il sistema di farmacovigilanza ha rilevato un aumento degli effetti collaterali."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'farma-' prefix related to drugs.
Shares the root 'vigil-'.
Similar suffix '-glianza' and stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Consonant-Vowel Syllable Formation
Each vowel typically forms the nucleus of a syllable, and any preceding consonant belongs to that syllable.
Avoid Single Intervocalic Consonant
Italian avoids leaving a single consonant between vowels.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The word's length and multiple vowels require careful application of the rules.
The linking vowel '-co-' doesn't create a separate syllable.
Summary:
The word 'farmacovigilanza' is divided into seven syllables: far-ma-co-vi-gi-lan-za. The stress falls on the penultimate syllable. It's a noun derived from Latin roots, relating to drug safety and monitoring. Syllabification follows standard Italian rules of consonant-vowel pairing and avoiding single intervocalic consonants.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "farmacovigilanza" (Italian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "farmacovigilanza" refers to pharmacovigilance. It's a relatively complex word, common in medical and pharmaceutical contexts. Pronunciation follows standard Italian rules, with attention to vowel quality and consonant articulation.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Italian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: farma- (from Latin pharmacon meaning "drug, medicine"). Morphological function: denotes relation to drugs/pharmacy.
- Root: -co- (linking vowel, from Latin con- meaning "with, together"). Morphological function: connects prefix and suffix.
- Suffix: -vigilanza (from Latin vigilantia meaning "watchfulness, alertness"). Morphological function: denotes the state of being watchful or alert.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: vi-gi-lan-za.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/farmako.vi.dʒi.lan.tsa/
6. Edge Case Review:
Italian syllabification generally avoids leaving a single consonant between vowels. This rule is followed here. The 'v' in 'vigilanza' is not separated from the 'i' because it would create an illegal syllable structure.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Farmacovigilanza" is a noun. Its syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: The science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem.
- Translation: Pharmacovigilance (English)
- Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine)
- Synonyms: sorveglianza farmacologica (pharmacological surveillance)
- Antonyms: None directly applicable.
- Examples:
- "La farmacovigilanza è essenziale per la sicurezza dei pazienti." (Pharmacovigilance is essential for patient safety.)
- "Il sistema di farmacovigilanza ha rilevato un aumento degli effetti collaterali." (The pharmacovigilance system detected an increase in side effects.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- farmacia: far-ma-ci-a. Similar structure with a prefix related to drugs. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
- vigile: vi-gi-le. Shares the root 'vigil-' with 'farmacovigilanza'. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
- sorveglianza: sor-ve-glian-za. Similar suffix '-glianza' and stress pattern.
The syllable structure in "farmacovigilanza" is consistent with these words, demonstrating adherence to Italian phonological rules. The presence of the 'farma-' prefix adds complexity, but the overall pattern remains predictable.
Detailed Syllable Analysis:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Description | Rule Applied | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| far | /far/ | Open syllable, consonant-vowel | Consonant-Vowel Syllable Formation | None |
| ma | /ma/ | Open syllable, consonant-vowel | Consonant-Vowel Syllable Formation | None |
| co | /ko/ | Open syllable, consonant-vowel | Consonant-Vowel Syllable Formation | None |
| vi | /vi/ | Open syllable, consonant-vowel | Consonant-Vowel Syllable Formation | None |
| gi | /dʒi/ | Open syllable, consonant-vowel | Consonant-Vowel Syllable Formation | None |
| lan | /lan/ | Open syllable, consonant-vowel | Consonant-Vowel Syllable Formation | None |
| za | /tsa/ | Open syllable, consonant-vowel | Consonant-Vowel Syllable Formation | None |
Division Rules Applied:
- Consonant-Vowel Syllable Formation: The most basic rule, where each vowel typically forms the nucleus of a syllable, and any preceding consonant belongs to that syllable.
- Avoid Single Intervocalic Consonant: Italian avoids leaving a single consonant between vowels.
Special Considerations:
The word's length and the presence of multiple vowels require careful application of the rules to avoid incorrect divisions. The linking vowel '-co-' is a common feature in Italian compound words and doesn't create a separate syllable.
Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, slight regional variations in vowel quality might exist. However, these variations do not significantly alter the syllable division.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.