Hyphenation ofachterstandskinderen
Syllable Division:
ach-ter-stand-skind-er-en
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈɑxtərstɑntskɪndərən/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
001000
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('stand'), following the general Dutch rule of penultimate stress.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset consonant cluster 'ch', vowel 'a'.
Closed syllable, onset consonant 't', vowel 'e', coda consonant 'r'.
Closed syllable, complex onset 'st', vowel 'a', coda consonant 'nd'. Primary stress.
Closed syllable, complex onset 'sk', vowel 'i', coda consonant 'nd'.
Open syllable, onset consonant 'r', vowel 'e'.
Open syllable, vowel 'e', coda consonant 'n'.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: achter-
Old Dutch origin, meaning 'behind'.
Root: stand
Proto-Germanic origin, meaning 'to stand'.
Suffix: -heid
Germanic nominalizing suffix, forming a noun.
Children who experience developmental delays or disadvantages.
Translation: Children with a disadvantage/developmental delay
Examples:
"De school heeft speciale aandacht voor achterstandskinderen."
"Het project is bedoeld om achterstandskinderen te helpen."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters and stress pattern.
Compound word, demonstrating similar syllabification principles.
Shares the root 'stand', illustrating consistent syllabification of this morpheme.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset Maximization
Consonant clusters are included in the onset of the following syllable if permissible.
Vowel Peak Principle
Each syllable must contain a vowel sound.
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Syllable structure follows a sonority hierarchy.
Compound Word Syllabification
Dutch compound words are often syllabified based on the individual morphemes.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The complex consonant clusters require careful consideration to avoid incorrect syllable breaks.
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation may exist, but do not significantly alter the syllabification.
Summary:
The word 'achterstandskinderen' is a Dutch noun meaning 'children with a disadvantage'. It is syllabified as ach-ter-stand-skind-er-en, with primary stress on 'stand'. The syllabification follows Dutch rules of onset maximization, vowel peak principle, and sonority sequencing, while also accounting for the compound structure of the word.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "achterstandskinderen" (Dutch)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "achterstandskinderen" (literally "behind-stand children") refers to children with a developmental delay or disadvantage. Its pronunciation involves a complex sequence of consonants and vowels, typical of Dutch compound words.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Dutch syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and consonant clusters, the word is divided as follows (see JSON output for the orthographic representation).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: achter- (origin: Old Dutch, meaning "behind") - indicates a state of being behind or lagging.
- Root: stand (origin: Proto-Germanic standan, meaning "to stand, to be firm") - in this context, it signifies a position or level.
- Suffix: -heid (origin: Germanic, nominalizing suffix) - transforms the verb "stand" into a noun denoting a state or condition ("standheid" - state of standing, which evolves to "achterstand" - disadvantage).
- Suffix: -s (origin: Germanic, genitive/plural marker) - indicates possession or plurality.
- Suffix: -kinderen (origin: Germanic, plural of "kind" - child) - denotes multiple children.
4. Stress Identification:
Dutch stress is generally on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable of a word. In this case, the primary stress falls on "-stand-".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈɑxtərstɑntskɪndərən/
6. Edge Case Review:
Dutch allows for complex consonant clusters, and the word contains several. Syllabification must account for these clusters, avoiding breaking up permissible sequences. The "nd" cluster in "stand" is a common example.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Achterstandskinderen" functions solely as a plural noun. The syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical context within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Children who experience developmental delays or disadvantages, often due to socio-economic factors or learning difficulties.
- Grammatical Category: Noun (plural)
- Translation: Children with a disadvantage/developmental delay
- Synonyms: risicokinderen (risk children), kwetsbare kinderen (vulnerable children)
- Antonyms: begaafde kinderen (gifted children), voorsprongskinderen (children with an advantage)
- Examples:
- "De school heeft speciale aandacht voor achterstandskinderen." (The school has special attention for children with a disadvantage.)
- "Het project is bedoeld om achterstandskinderen te helpen." (The project is intended to help children with a disadvantage.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- landschap (landscape): land-schap /ˈlɑntsχɑp/ - Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
- werkschema (work schedule): werk-sche-ma /ˈvɛrksxe.ma/ - Compound word, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- onderstand (social welfare): on-der-stand /ˈɔndərstɑnt/ - Similar root "stand", demonstrating consistent syllabification.
The differences in syllable division arise from the varying consonant clusters and vowel sequences in each word. However, the underlying principle of maximizing onsets and avoiding stranded consonants remains consistent.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in Dutch pronunciation exist, particularly concerning vowel quality. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification rules. Some speakers might slightly reduce the vowel in "-stand-", but the syllable division remains the same.
11. Division Rules Applied:
- Onset Maximization: Consonant clusters are generally included in the onset of the following syllable if permissible (e.g., acht-).
- Vowel Peak Principle: Each syllable must contain a vowel sound.
- Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllable structure follows a sonority hierarchy (vowels are more sonorous than consonants).
- Compound Word Syllabification: Dutch compound words are often syllabified based on the individual morphemes.
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