Hyphenation ofbuitengebruikstelling
Syllable Division:
buiten-ge-bruik-stel-ling
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈbœytə(n)ɣəˈbrœykstɛlɪŋ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
10100
Primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable ('ge-bruik'). Dutch stress generally falls on the penultimate or antepenultimate syllable, with longer words favoring antepenultimate stress.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, stressed.
Closed syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, stressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Closed syllable, unstressed.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: buiten
Old Dutch origin, meaning 'outside' or 'beyond', adverbial prefix.
Root: bruik
Old Dutch *bruk*, meaning 'use', root of the verb *bruiken*.
Suffix: stelling
Middle Dutch *stellinghe*, meaning 'setting', 'placing', noun-forming suffix.
The act of taking something out of service or use; decommissioning.
Translation: Decommissioning, putting out of use.
Examples:
"De buitengebruikstelling van de kerncentrale is gepland voor 2025."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters.
Longer word, but follows similar CV patterns.
Demonstrates the 'ge-' prefix and 'bruik' root.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Preference
Dutch favors open syllables (CV) whenever possible.
Consonant Cluster Handling
Consonant clusters are generally maintained unless they are exceptionally difficult to pronounce.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'ng' sound can sometimes be treated as a single unit, but it's broken up here for clarity.
Regional variations in pronunciation might slightly affect syllable boundaries, but the core division remains consistent.
Summary:
The word 'buitengebruikstelling' is a complex Dutch noun meaning 'decommissioning'. It's divided into five syllables: buiten-ge-bruik-stel-ling, with primary stress on 'ge-bruik'. It's a compound word built from the prefix 'buiten-', root 'bruik', and suffix 'stelling'. Syllabification follows Dutch rules favoring open syllables and maintaining consonant clusters.
Detailed Analysis:
Dutch Word Analysis: buitengebruikstelling
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word buitengebruikstelling is a complex noun in Dutch, meaning "decommissioning" or "putting out of use." It's a compound word, built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves a sequence of consonant clusters and vowel sounds typical of Dutch.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Dutch syllabification rules, which generally favor open syllables (CV) and avoid breaking up consonant clusters unless absolutely necessary, the division is as follows (using only the original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- buiten-: Prefix, meaning "outside" or "beyond." Origin: Old Dutch. Morphological function: Adverbial prefix.
- ge-: Prefix, a common prefix in Dutch verbs, often indicating a completed action or passive voice. Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Verb-forming prefix.
- bruik-: Root, meaning "use." Origin: Old Dutch bruk. Morphological function: Root of the verb bruiken (to use).
- -stelling: Suffix, meaning "setting," "placing," or "establishment." Origin: Middle Dutch stellinghe. Morphological function: Noun-forming suffix.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable (ge-bruik). Dutch stress is generally on the penultimate or antepenultimate syllable, with longer words tending towards antepenultimate stress.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈbœytə(n)ɣəˈbrœykstɛlɪŋ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Dutch allows for some flexibility in consonant cluster handling. The 'ng' sound can sometimes be treated as a single unit, but here it's broken up for clarity.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily a noun. While it's derived from verbal elements, its function in a sentence is typically nominal. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its role in a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: The act of taking something out of service or use; decommissioning.
- Grammatical Category: Noun (de)
- Translation: Decommissioning, putting out of use.
- Synonyms: buiten werking stellen, ontmanteling
- Antonyms: in gebruik nemen, activeren
- Examples:
- "De buitengebruikstelling van de kerncentrale is gepland voor 2025." (The decommissioning of the nuclear power plant is planned for 2025.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- werkloosheid (unemployment): wer-kloos-heid - Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters. Stress on the first syllable.
- verantwoordelijkheid (responsibility): ver-ant-woor-de-lijk-heid - Longer word, but follows similar CV patterns. Stress on the antepenultimate syllable.
- gebruikersnaam (username): ge-brui-kers-naam - Demonstrates the 'ge-' prefix and 'bruik' root. Stress on the second syllable.
The differences in stress placement are due to the length of the words and the inherent stress patterns of Dutch. buitengebruikstelling is longer and thus favors antepenultimate stress.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.