Hyphenation ofdrieënnegentigjarige

Dutch Word Analysis: drieënnegentigjarige

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "drieënnegentigjarige" means "ninety-three-year-old" in Dutch. It's a compound adjective. Pronunciation involves a complex sequence of vowels and consonants, typical of Dutch compound words.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Dutch syllabification rules, which generally favor open syllables (CV) and avoid breaking consonant clusters unless they are complex or across morpheme boundaries, the division is as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• drieën - (Numeral) "three" + "-ën" (plural marker, archaic/dialectal, here functioning as part of the numeral construction). Origin: Proto-Germanic. Function: Numeral base.
• negentig - (Numeral) "ninety". Origin: Germanic. Function: Numeral base.
• jarige - (Adjectival suffix) "year-old". Origin: Dutch. Function: Forms an adjective indicating age. Derived from "jaar" (year) + "-ige" (adjectival suffix).

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable of the final component, "ja-ri-ge".

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈdri.ən.nə.ɣə.tɪx.jaː.rə.ɣə/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• dri /dri/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Dutch prefers open syllables. No exceptions.
• ën /ən/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Vowel after a consonant. No exceptions.
• ne /nə/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Dutch prefers open syllables. No exceptions.
• gen /ɣən/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Vowel after a consonant. No exceptions.
• tig /tɪx/ - Closed syllable (CVC). Rule: Consonant cluster followed by a vowel in the next syllable. No exceptions.
• ja /jaː/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Dutch prefers open syllables. No exceptions.
• ri /rə/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Vowel after a consonant. No exceptions.
• ge /ɣə/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Vowel after a consonant. No exceptions.

7. Edge Case Review:

The "g" in "negentig" and "jarige" is a voiced velar fricative /ɣ/, a common feature of Dutch. The vowel lengthening in "ja" is typical in stressed syllables.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word functions solely as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its use in a sentence.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: drieënnegentigjarige
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions:
  • "ninety-three-year-old"
  • Translation: "ninety-three-year-old"
• Synonyms: None readily available as it's a specific age.
• Antonyms: jong (young)
• Examples:
  • "De drieënnegentigjarige man was nog steeds erg actief." (The ninety-three-year-old man was still very active.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in vowel pronunciation exist, but they don't significantly alter the syllabification. Some speakers might slightly reduce the vowel in unstressed syllables.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• eenentwintigjarige (twenty-one-year-old): ee-nen-twin-tig-ja-ri-ge. Similar structure, stress on the penultimate syllable of "jarige".
• achtentwintigjarige (twenty-eight-year-old): ach-ten-twin-tig-ja-ri-ge. Similar structure, stress on the penultimate syllable of "jarige".
• vijftigjarige (fifty-year-old): vijf-tig-ja-ri-ge. Shorter numeral component, but maintains the "ja-ri-ge" ending with the same stress pattern.

The consistency in the "ja-ri-ge" ending and stress pattern across these examples demonstrates the regularity of Dutch adjective formation and syllabification.