Hyphenation offunctiekarakteristiek
Syllable Division:
fyn-cie-ka-rak-te-ris-tie-k
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/fʏŋk.ʃə.ka.rɑk.təˈristi.ək/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00000101
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('te-riek').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, stressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, stressed.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix:
None
Root: functie, karakter
Both roots are of Dutch origin, with Latin and Greek influences respectively.
Suffix: istiek
Dutch suffix forming abstract nouns, derived from Greek.
The characteristic function
Translation: Functional characteristic
Examples:
"De belangrijkste functiekarakteristiek van dit systeem is de flexibiliteit."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure and compounding pattern.
Complex compound noun, demonstrating Dutch compounding.
Similar length and complexity, showcasing typical Dutch morphology.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Preference
Dutch favors open syllables (CV) whenever possible. Syllable division aims to create CV structures.
Consonant Cluster Handling
Consonant clusters are generally maintained within a syllable unless they are exceptionally complex or disrupt the open syllable preference.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'ct' cluster in 'karakteristiek' is not broken up, a common occurrence in Dutch.
The schwa vowel /ə/ is frequently found in unstressed syllables.
Summary:
The word 'functiekarakteristiek' is a complex Dutch noun formed by compounding. Syllabification follows the principle of maximizing open syllables (CV), with stress on the penultimate syllable. The morphemic structure reveals Latin and Greek origins of the constituent parts.
Detailed Analysis:
Dutch Word Analysis: functiekarakteristiek
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "functiekarakteristiek" is a complex Dutch noun meaning "functional characteristic." It's a compound word, typical of Dutch, built from multiple morphemes. Pronunciation involves a mix of vowel qualities and consonant clusters common in Dutch.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Dutch syllabification rules, which generally favor open syllables (CV) and avoid breaking up consonant clusters unless absolutely necessary, the division is as follows (see JSON output for the orthographic representation).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- functie - Root: Dutch, meaning "function." Origin: Latin functio (performance, execution).
- karakter - Root: Dutch, meaning "character." Origin: Greek charakter (mark, imprint).
- istiek - Suffix: Dutch, forming abstract nouns denoting a quality or characteristic. Origin: Greek -istikos (relating to). This suffix is highly productive in Dutch for creating nouns from adjectives or other nouns.
4. Stress Identification:
Dutch stress is generally on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable. In this case, the primary stress falls on "te-riek".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/fʏŋk.ʃə.ka.rɑk.təˈristi.ək/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with rule explanations:
- fynk- /fʏŋk/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Dutch prefers open syllables. No consonant clusters are broken.
- -ʃə /ʃə/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Consonant 'ʃ' followed by schwa vowel.
- -ka- /ka/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Simple vowel-consonant structure.
- -rak- /rɑk/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Vowel-consonant structure.
- -tə- /tə/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Consonant-schwa vowel.
- -ri- /ri/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Vowel-consonant structure.
- -sti- /sti/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Consonant-vowel-consonant structure.
- -ɛk /ɛk/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Vowel-consonant structure.
7. Edge Case Review & Exceptions:
The 'ct' cluster in "karakteristiek" is not broken up, as Dutch generally allows such clusters within a syllable. The schwa vowel /ə/ is common in unstressed syllables in Dutch.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (as it's a single, complex noun).
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: functiekarakteristiek
- Part of Speech: Noun
- Definitions:
- "The characteristic function"
- "Functional characteristic"
- Translation: Functional characteristic
- Synonyms: eigenschap, kenmerk (characteristic, feature)
- Antonyms: None directly applicable.
- Examples:
- "De belangrijkste functiekarakteristiek van dit systeem is de flexibiliteit." (The most important functional characteristic of this system is the flexibility.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations & Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation exist in Dutch, but they don't significantly alter the syllabification. Some speakers might pronounce the schwa /ə/ slightly differently, but the syllable boundaries remain the same.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- werkloosheid (unemployment): wer-kloos-heid. Similar syllable structure (CV-CV-CV).
- verantwoordelijkheid (responsibility): ver-ant-woor-de-lijk-heid. More complex, but still follows CV patterns.
- mogelijkheid (possibility): mo-ge-lijk-heid. Similar in length and complexity, demonstrating the typical Dutch compounding pattern.
The key difference is the length and number of morphemes. "functiekarakteristiek" is longer and combines more elements, but the underlying syllabification principles remain consistent.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.