Hyphenation ofkameraadschappelijkheid

Linguistic Analysis of "kameraadschappelijkheid" (Dutch)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "kameraadschappelijkheid" is a complex Dutch noun meaning "comradeship" or "fellowship." It's formed through extensive compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves a series of vowel and consonant clusters, typical of Dutch morphology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Dutch syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid splitting diphthongs or consonant clusters where possible, the word is divided as follows (see JSON output for the orthographic representation).

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: ka- (origin: uncertain, potentially related to 'kamer' - room, but in this context, it's part of the compound 'kameraad')
• Root: kameraad (Dutch, borrowed from German 'Kamerad', ultimately from French 'camarade' - comrade)
• Suffixes:
  • -schap- (Dutch, denoting state, quality, or condition - akin to "-ship" in English)
  • -elijk- (Dutch, adjectival suffix - akin to "-ly" or "-ic" in English)
  • -heid (Dutch, nominalizing suffix, forming abstract nouns - akin to "-hood" or "-ness" in English)

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: -lijk-.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ka.məˈraːt.sxɑp.ə.lɛi̯k.hɛit/

6. Edge Case Review:

Dutch syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The 'sch' cluster is treated as a single unit. The 'ij' digraph represents a diphthong /ɛi̯/.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word functions solely as a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its role within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Comradeship, fellowship, camaraderie.
• Grammatical Category: Noun (de kameraadschappelijkheid)
• Synonyms: vriendschap (friendship), broederschap (brotherhood)
• Antonyms: vijandigheid (hostility), onenigheid (disagreement)
• Examples: "De kameraadschappelijkheid tussen de soldaten was opvallend." (The comradeship between the soldiers was striking.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• Vriendschap: /vriːnt.sxɑp/ - Syllable division: vrien-dschap. Similar structure with a compound root and the -schap suffix.
• Broederschap: /ˈbruː.dər.sxɑp/ - Syllable division: broe-der-schap. Again, a compound root + -schap.
• Waarschijnlijkheid: /ʋaːr.ˈsxɛi̯n.lɛi̯k.hɛit/ - Syllable division: waar-schijn-lijk-heid. Demonstrates the consistent application of the -lijk-heid suffixation and syllabification. The initial consonant cluster is handled similarly.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Vowel-Based Division: Syllables are generally formed around vowel sounds.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Preservation: Consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable, unless they are easily separable (e.g., a single consonant between vowels).
• Rule 3: Diphthong Integrity: Diphthongs (like 'ij') are not split across syllables.
• Rule 4: Sch as a Unit: The 'sch' digraph is treated as a single consonant sound and remains within the same syllable.

11. Special Considerations:

The length of the word and the multiple suffixes create a complex structure. The 'ij' diphthong requires careful consideration. The stress pattern is typical for Dutch words with multiple suffixes.