Hyphenation ofmachtsvergelijkingen

Linguistic Analysis of "machtsvergelijkingen" (Dutch)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "machtsvergelijkingen" is a complex noun in Dutch, meaning "comparisons of power". It's formed through compounding and derivation. Pronunciation involves a mix of voiced and voiceless consonants, diphthongs, and schwa sounds, typical of Dutch.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Dutch syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and consonant clusters, the word is divided as follows (see JSON output for the orthographic representation).

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: macht- (origin: Old Dutch maht meaning 'power', function: denotes power/ability)
• Root: vergelijk- (origin: Germanic ver-galokjan, function: to compare)
• Suffix: -ingen (origin: Germanic, function: nominalizing suffix, forming a noun denoting an action or result)

4. Stress Identification:

Dutch stress is generally on the first syllable of the root. In this case, the primary stress falls on "ver-".

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/mɑxts.fər.ɣəˈlɛi̯.kɪŋ.ən/

6. Edge Case Review:

The "sch" cluster (/sx/) is a common feature in Dutch and requires careful consideration. The "ij" diphthong (/ɛi̯/) also needs accurate representation. The final "-en" is a common plural marker and is often reduced to a schwa.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily a noun. While the root vergelijken is a verb, the addition of -ingen transforms it into a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of the root's original verbal function.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Comparisons of power; assessments of relative strength or influence.
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine)
• Translation: Comparisons of power
• Synonyms: machtsrelaties (power relations), machtsverhoudingen (power balances)
• Antonyms: gelijkheid (equality), harmonie (harmony)
• Examples:
  • "De analyse richtte zich op de machtsvergelijkingen binnen de organisatie." (The analysis focused on the power comparisons within the organization.)
  • "Politieke machtsvergelijkingen zijn vaak complex." (Political power comparisons are often complex.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• vergelijking (comparison): ver-ge-lij-king. Similar structure, stress on "ver-".
• machteloos (powerless): macht-e-loos. Similar prefix, different suffix.
• verandering (change): ver-an-de-ring. Similar root structure, different prefix and suffix.

The differences in syllable division arise from the varying suffixes and the presence/absence of consonant clusters. The consistent stress on the first syllable of the root demonstrates a core phonological pattern in Dutch.

10. Division Rules:

• Onset Rule: Consonant clusters are generally maintained within the syllable as long as they can be pronounced without violating phonotactic constraints.
• Vowel Peak Rule: Each syllable must contain a vowel sound.
• Coda Rule: Syllables can end in consonants, but complex codas are often simplified or broken up.
• Stress Rule: Primary stress falls on the first syllable of the root.

11. Special Considerations:

The "sch" cluster is treated as a single onset. The "ij" diphthong is a single vowel sound for syllabification purposes. The final "-en" is often reduced to a schwa, but it still constitutes a syllable.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in vowel pronunciation might exist, but they generally don't affect the core syllabification. Some speakers might slightly reduce the vowel in "ver-", but the stress remains consistent.