Hyphenation ofontwikkelingstijdperk

Dutch Word Analysis: ontwikkelingstijdperk

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "ontwikkelingstijdperk" (development period) is a compound noun in Dutch. Its pronunciation involves a complex sequence of sounds, including several vowel and consonant clusters. The word is relatively long and requires careful application of Dutch syllabification rules.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Dutch syllabification rules, the word is divided as follows (using only the original letters):

on-twik-ke-ling-tijd-perk

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: ont- (Dutch, prefix meaning 'un-', 'dis-', or indicating the beginning of an action/state). Origin: Germanic.
• Root: wikkel- (Dutch, related to 'wrap', 'develop'). Origin: Germanic.
• Suffixes:
  • -ing (Dutch, nominalizing suffix, forming a noun from a verb). Origin: Germanic.
  • -tijd- (Dutch, meaning 'time'). Origin: Germanic.
  • -perk (Dutch, meaning 'period'). Origin: Germanic.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable: ling.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ɔnˈtʋɪkələŋˈtɛitpɛrk/

6. Syllable Analysis & Rule Application:

Here's a breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, description, and rule application:

• on: /ɔn/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around a vowel. 'o' is the vowel nucleus, 'n' is the coda.
• twik: /tʋɪk/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally maintained within a syllable unless they violate sonority sequencing principles. 'i' is the vowel nucleus, 'tw' is the onset, 'k' is the coda.
• ke: /kə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant. 'e' is the vowel nucleus, 'k' is the coda.
• ling: /ˈlɪŋ/ - Closed syllable, stressed. Rule: Stress assignment in Dutch often falls on the penultimate or antepenultimate syllable. 'i' is the vowel nucleus, 'l' is the onset, 'ng' is the coda.
• tijd: /ˈtɛit/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster 'tijd' is treated as a single unit due to common occurrence. 'ɛi' is the diphthong nucleus, 't' is the onset, 'd' is the coda.
• perk: /pɛrk/ - Closed syllable. Rule: 'e' is the vowel nucleus, 'p' is the onset, 'rk' is the coda.

7. Exceptions & Special Cases:

• The 'tijd' syllable is a relatively common sequence in Dutch and is often treated as a single unit for syllabification, even though it contains a consonant cluster.
• The 'ng' coda in 'ling' is a common feature of Dutch phonology and doesn't pose a syllabification challenge.

8. Grammatical Role & Syllabification Shifts:

The word is primarily a noun. As a noun, the stress pattern and syllabification remain consistent. If a verb were to be derived from this word (which is less common), the stress might shift slightly, but the core syllabification would remain largely the same.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: ontwikkelingstijdperk
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Definitions:
  • "The period of development."
  • Translation: Development period, era of development.
• Synonyms: ontwikkelingsfase (development phase), groeifase (growth phase)
• Antonyms: stagnatieperiode (period of stagnation)
• Examples:
  • "De snelle technologische ontwikkelingen kenmerken dit ontwikkelingstijdperk." (The rapid technological developments characterize this development period.)

10. Regional Variations:

Regional variations in Dutch pronunciation might affect the vowel quality in certain syllables, but they generally don't alter the core syllabification. For example, the 'e' in 'ke' might be pronounced slightly differently in different regions.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• levensstandaard (standard of living): le-vens-stan-daard. Similar structure with compound words. Stress on 'stan'.
• arbeidsvoorwaarden (working conditions): ar-beids-voor-waar-den. Similar compound structure. Stress on 'waar'.
• werkomgeving (work environment): werk-om-ge-ving. Similar compound structure. Stress on 'om'.

The differences in stress placement are due to the inherent rhythmic patterns of Dutch and the specific vowel sequences within each word. The syllabification rules remain consistent across these examples.