Hyphenation ofspieruithoudingsvermogen

Linguistic Analysis of "spieruithoudingsvermogen" (Dutch)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "spieruithoudingsvermogen" refers to muscular endurance. It's a compound noun, common in Dutch, built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves a relatively complex sequence of sounds, typical of Dutch consonant clusters and vowel qualities.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Dutch syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid splitting diphthongs or consonant clusters where possible, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• spier-: Root. From Middle Dutch spiere, ultimately from Latin musculus (muscle). Function: Denotes muscle.
• uit-: Prefix. From Old Dutch ūt, meaning "out" or "completely". Function: Intensifier, indicating complete or full endurance.
• houding-: Root. From Middle Dutch houdinge, related to houden (to hold, maintain). Function: Refers to the ability to maintain.
• s-: Linking element, often found in compound words.
• ver-: Prefix. From Old Dutch ver-, indicating completeness or intensification. Function: Intensifier, similar to uit-.
• mogen-: Root. From Middle Dutch moghen, related to macht (power, ability). Function: Indicates capability or potential.
• -heid: Suffix. From Old Dutch -heid, a nominalizing suffix. Function: Forms a noun denoting a quality or state.
• -s-: Linking element.
• ver-: Prefix. From Old Dutch ver-, indicating completeness or intensification. Function: Intensifier.
• mogen: Root. From Middle Dutch moghen, related to macht (power, ability). Function: Indicates capability or potential.
• -heid: Suffix. From Old Dutch -heid, a nominalizing suffix. Function: Forms a noun denoting a quality or state.

4. Stress Identification:

Dutch stress is generally on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable. However, in long compound words like this, there can be secondary stress. The primary stress falls on "-uit-".

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈspiːrˌœytˈhɑu̯dɪŋsʋərˈmoːɣə(n)/

6. Edge Case Review:

Dutch allows for relatively long words formed by compounding. Syllabification rules are generally consistent, but the length of the word and the presence of multiple prefixes and suffixes can make it complex.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is exclusively a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: The ability of a muscle or group of muscles to sustain repeated contractions against a resistance for an extended period.
• Translation: Muscular endurance
• Grammatical Category: Noun (de)
• Synonyms: spierkrachtvolharding (muscle strength endurance), uithoudingsvermogen van de spieren (endurance of the muscles)
• Antonyms: spierkracht (muscle strength)
• Examples:
  • "Hij trainde zijn spieruithoudingsvermogen door lange afstanden te lopen." (He trained his muscular endurance by running long distances.)
  • "Spieruithoudingsvermogen is belangrijk voor marathonlopers." (Muscular endurance is important for marathon runners.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• arbeidsongeschiktheid (disability): ar-beids-on-ge-schikt-heid (similar compound structure, stress on the penultimate syllable)
• verantwoordelijkheid (responsibility): ver-ant-woor-de-lijk-heid (similar prefix and suffix structure, stress on the penultimate syllable)
• levensverzekering (life insurance): le-vens-ver-ze-ke-ring (similar compound structure, stress on the penultimate syllable)

The syllable division in these words follows the same principles: prioritizing vowel sounds and avoiding splitting diphthongs. The length of the word and the number of morphemes influence the complexity, but the core rules remain consistent.

10. Division Rules:

• Vowel-Based Division: Syllables are generally formed around vowel sounds. (e.g., spi-er, uit-houding)
• Consonant Cluster Rule: Consonant clusters are kept together within a syllable if possible, especially when they form a recognizable unit. (e.g., ver-mo-gen)
• Prefix/Suffix Rule: Prefixes and suffixes are generally treated as separate syllables. (e.g., uit-, -heid)
• Linking Element Rule: Linking elements like 's' are usually included in the preceding syllable.

11. Special Considerations:

The word's length and the presence of multiple prefixes and suffixes require careful application of the rules. The linking 's' can sometimes be ambiguous, but it's generally included in the preceding syllable.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in vowel pronunciation might exist, but they generally don't affect the syllable division.