Hyphenation ofspionagevliegtuigen
Syllable Division:
spi-o-na-ge-vliegtui-gen
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/spiˈoːnaːɣə fliɣˈtœyɣə(n)/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000011
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable 'vliegtui'. The stress is indicated by '1', while '0' represents unstressed syllables.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable. Contains a consonant cluster 'sp'.
Open syllable, vowel sound. Long vowel.
Open syllable, vowel sound. Long vowel.
Open syllable, contains the voiced velar fricative /ɣ/.
Primary stressed syllable. Contains a diphthong /ɛi/ and consonant cluster 'gt'.
Closed syllable, plural marker. Contains the voiced velar fricative /ɣ/.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix:
No prefix present.
Root: spionage, vliegtuig
Spionage is derived from French 'espionnage'. Vliegtuig is Germanic.
Suffix: gen
Plural marker for nouns, Germanic origin.
Aircraft used for espionage or spying.
Translation: Espionage aircraft, spy planes
Examples:
"De regering heeft nieuwe spionagevliegtuigen aangeschaft."
"Spionagevliegtuigen werden gebruikt om de vijandelijke posities te observeren."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'vliegtui' and the plural suffix 'gen', demonstrating consistent syllabification.
Illustrates the tendency to break up consonant clusters to create open syllables.
Demonstrates how compound words are broken down into their constituent parts, similar to 'spionagevliegtuigen'.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximize Open Syllables
Dutch prioritizes creating syllables that end in vowels whenever possible.
Consonant Cluster Handling
Consonant clusters are respected, but broken if it results in a more natural syllable structure.
Suffix Separation
Suffixes, like '-gen', are generally separated into their own syllables.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The pronunciation of /ɣ/ can vary regionally.
The diphthong /ɛi/ in 'vliegtui' is a common feature of Dutch phonology.
Summary:
The word 'spionagevliegtuigen' is a compound noun divided into six syllables: spi-o-na-ge-vliegtui-gen. The primary stress falls on 'vliegtui'. The syllabification follows Dutch rules prioritizing open syllables and respecting morphemic boundaries. It consists of the roots 'spionage' and 'vliegtui' with the plural suffix 'gen'.
Detailed Analysis:
Dutch Word Analysis: spionagevliegtuigen
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "spionagevliegtuigen" (espionage aircraft) is a compound noun in Dutch. Its pronunciation involves a mix of consonant clusters and vowel sounds typical of the language. The 'g' is a voiced velar fricative /ɣ/, and the 'ij' is a diphthong /ɛi/.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Dutch syllabification rules, which prioritize open syllables (syllables ending in a vowel) whenever possible, and respecting consonant clusters, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- spionage-: Root, derived from the French "espionnage" (meaning espionage, spying). Function: Noun root.
- vliegtui-: Root, meaning "aircraft". Germanic origin. Function: Noun root.
- -gen: Suffix, plural marker for nouns. Germanic origin. Function: Grammatical marker.
4. Stress Identification:
Dutch stress is generally on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable. In this case, the primary stress falls on "vliegtui-".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/spiˈoːnaːɣə fliɣˈtœyɣə(n)/
6. Edge Case Review:
Dutch allows for some flexibility in syllable division, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the proposed division adheres to the principle of maximizing open syllables. The final -gen is a relatively straightforward case.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is exclusively a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its role within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: spionagevliegtuigen
- Translation: Espionage aircraft, spy planes
- Grammatical Category: Noun (plural)
- Synonyms: verkenningsvliegtuigen (reconnaissance aircraft)
- Antonyms: (Difficult to provide a direct antonym, perhaps "burgerluchtvaartuigen" - civilian aircraft)
- Examples:
- "De regering heeft nieuwe spionagevliegtuigen aangeschaft." (The government has purchased new espionage aircraft.)
- "Spionagevliegtuigen werden gebruikt om de vijandelijke posities te observeren." (Espionage aircraft were used to observe the enemy positions.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- vliegtuigen: (aircraft) - viɣˈtœyɣə(n) - Syllable division: vli-gtui-gen. Similar structure with a vowel-initial syllable followed by a consonant cluster.
- bibliotheek: (library) - biˌblijoˈteːk - Syllable division: bi-bli-o-theek. Demonstrates the tendency to break up consonant clusters when creating open syllables.
- computerprogramma: (computer program) - kɔmˈpytərproɣramma - Syllable division: kom-pu-ter-pro-gram-ma. Shows how compound words are broken down into their constituent parts.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in Dutch pronunciation exist, particularly concerning vowel quality and the realization of the /ɣ/ sound. However, these variations do not significantly alter the syllable division.
11. Division Rules:
- Maximize open syllables.
- Respect consonant clusters, but break them if it leads to a more natural syllable structure.
- Suffixes are generally separated into their own syllables.
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