Hyphenation oftweeënnegentigjarige
Syllable Division:
twee-ën-ne-gen-tig-ja-ri-ge
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈtʋeːənˌneːɣə(n)tɪxˈjaːriɣə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000110
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable 'ja', creating the stress pattern 0000110. The syllable 'ri' is also partially stressed as it forms a stress foot with 'ja'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, reduced vowel.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, potential vowel reduction.
Closed syllable.
Open syllable, stressed.
Open syllable, part of the stressed unit.
Closed syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: tweeën
From Proto-Germanic *twai*, meaning 'two'. Numeral component.
Root: negen
From Proto-Germanic *negen*, meaning 'nine'. Numeral component.
Suffix: tig
From Proto-Germanic *tīg*, indicating 'ten'. Numeral component.
Ninety-two-year-old
Translation: Ninety-two-year-old
Examples:
"De tweeënnegentigjarige man was nog steeds erg actief."
"Ze is een tweeënnegentigjarige vrouw."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar compound structure with the 'ja-ri-ge' ending.
Similar compound structure with the 'ja-ri-ge' ending.
Shares the 'ja-ri-ge' ending and stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Preference
Dutch favors open syllables (CV), leading to divisions around vowels.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are broken up to create syllables beginning with a consonant.
Compound Word Syllabification
Compound words are syllabified as if they were separate words joined together.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables (e.g., 'e' in 'tweeën' and 'negen').
Pronunciation of 'g' as /ɣ/ or /ɡ/.
Summary:
The word *tweeënnegentigjarige* is a complex Dutch adjective meaning 'ninety-two-year-old'. It is syllabified following Dutch rules favoring open syllables and avoiding consonant clusters. The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable 'ja'. The word is a compound formed from numeral and adjective-forming elements.
Detailed Analysis:
Dutch Word Analysis: tweeënnegentigjarige
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word tweeënnegentigjarige (meaning "ninety-two-year-old") is a complex compound adjective in Dutch. Its pronunciation involves a sequence of vowels and consonants typical of Dutch, with potential for vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Dutch syllabification rules, which generally favor open syllables (CV) and avoid consonant clusters at syllable boundaries where possible, the division is as follows (using only the original letters):
twee-ën-ne-gen-tig-ja-ri-ge
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- tweeën - Prefix/Numeral: From Proto-Germanic twai, meaning "two". Functions as a numeral component.
- negen - Root/Numeral: From Proto-Germanic negen, meaning "nine". Functions as a numeral component.
- tig - Suffix: From Proto-Germanic tīg, indicating "ten". Functions as a numeral component, forming "ninety".
- ja- - Root/Adjective forming element: From Proto-Germanic jara, meaning "year".
- ri- - Root/Adjective forming element: From Proto-Germanic rīka, meaning "rich, powerful".
- ge - Suffix: Adjectival suffix, indicating a quality or state.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: ja-ri-ge.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈtʋeːənˌneːɣə(n)tɪxˈjaːriɣə/
6. Edge Case Review:
Dutch allows for some flexibility in vowel reduction in unstressed syllables. The 'e' in 'tweeën' and 'negen' can be reduced to a schwa /ə/ in faster speech. The 'g' in 'tig' can be pronounced as a velar fricative /ɣ/ or a voiced velar stop /ɡ/.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word functions as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its use in a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: tweeënnegentigjarige
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- "Ninety-two-year-old"
- "Relating to someone or something that is ninety-two years old"
- Translation: Ninety-two-year-old
- Synonyms: None readily available as it's a specific age.
- Antonyms: jonge (young), eerstejaars (first-year)
- Examples:
- "De tweeënnegentigjarige man was nog steeds erg actief." (The ninety-two-year-old man was still very active.)
- "Ze is een tweeënnegentigjarige vrouw." (She is a ninety-two-year-old woman.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- eenentwintigjarige ("twenty-one-year-old"): een-en-twin-tig-ja-ri-ge. Similar structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- achtentwintigjarige ("twenty-eight-year-old"): acht-en-twin-tig-ja-ri-ge. Similar structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- vijftigjarige ("fifty-year-old"): vijf-tig-ja-ri-ge. Shorter, but shares the ja-ri-ge ending with the same stress pattern.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Open Syllable Preference: Dutch favors open syllables (CV). This is applied throughout the word, dividing around vowels.
- Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: When consonant clusters occur, they are generally broken up to create syllables that begin with a consonant.
- Rule 3: Compound Word Syllabification: Compound words are syllabified as if they were separate words joined together.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.