Hyphenation offremmedfiendtlig

Linguistic Analysis of "fremmedfiendtlig" (Norwegian Nynorsk)

1. Pronunciation Considerations:

The word "fremmedfiendtlig" is pronounced with a relatively consistent vowel quality across its syllables. The 'd' is often realized as a dental plosive. The 'j' represents the sound /j/ as in "yes".

2. Syllable Division:

Following Nynorsk syllable division rules, which generally favor maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable), and avoiding stranded consonants, the division is as follows.

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: fremmed- (from Old Norse fram, meaning 'forward, from' + maðr, meaning 'man', evolving to signify 'foreign'). Function: Indicates origin or association with something foreign.
• Root: -fiend- (from Old Norse fiandi, meaning 'enemy'). Function: Core meaning relating to enmity.
• Suffix: -lig (from Old Norse -ligr, an adjectival suffix meaning 'having the quality of'). Function: Forms an adjective.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penult (second-to-last) syllable: -end-.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈfrɛmːɛdˌfiːn(d)tliɡ/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

• fre-: /frɛ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-Vowel (CV) structure. No exceptions.
• mmed-: /mːɛd/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant-Vowel-Consonant (CVC) structure. The doubled 'm' creates a long consonant.
• fi-: /fiː/ - Open syllable. Rule: CV structure. No exceptions.
• end-: /ˈend/ - Closed syllable, stressed. Rule: CVC structure. Stress assignment based on penult rule.
• tlig: /tliɡ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: CVC structure. No exceptions.

7. Edge Case Review:

The doubled 'm' in "mmed" is a common feature in Nynorsk and affects syllable weight. The 'd' can be subject to assimilation depending on the speaker and dialect.

8. Grammatical Role:

"fremmedfiendtlig" functions primarily as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical context.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Hostile towards foreigners; xenophobic.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Translation: Xenophobic, anti-foreigner
• Synonyms: framandhatande, innvandrarfiendtleg
• Antonyms: framandvennleg, gjestmild
• Examples: "Han hadde ein fremmedfiendtlig holdning." (He had a xenophobic attitude.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations might affect the realization of the 'd' (e.g., dropped in some dialects) or the vowel qualities. However, the core syllable division remains consistent.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• vennskap: /ˈvɛnːskap/ - ven-skap (CV-CVC). Similar CVC structure in the second syllable.
• arbeidsløs: /ˈɑːrbajtsløːs/ - ar-bejds-løs (CV-CVC-CV). Demonstrates the tendency to break up consonant clusters.
• problem: /ˈprɔblɛm/ - pro-blem (CV-CVC). Similar CVC structure.

The consistent application of CV and CVC structures across these words demonstrates the regularity of Nynorsk syllabification. The presence of consonant clusters influences syllable boundaries, but the principle of maximizing onsets is generally followed.