Hyphenation ofhjernehinnebetennelse

Norwegian Nynorsk Word Analysis: hjernehinnebetennelse

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word hjernehinnebetennelse (meaning "meningitis") is a complex noun in Norwegian Nynorsk. It's formed by compounding several morphemes. Pronunciation involves a mix of voiced and voiceless consonants, and vowel qualities typical of Nynorsk.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Nynorsk syllable division rules, which generally favor open syllables (CV) and avoid consonant clusters at syllable boundaries where possible, the division is as follows (using only the original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• hjerne-: Root. From Old Norse hirni, related to English "brain". Function: Denotes the organ affected.
• hinne-: Root. From Old Norse hinna, related to English "membrane". Function: Denotes the membrane surrounding the brain.
• be-: Prefix. From Old Norse bi- (a variant of ver-) meaning "to cause to be". Function: Forms a verb-like element indicating inflammation.
• tenn-: Root. From Old Norse tanna, related to English "to ignite, inflame". Function: Indicates the process of inflammation.
• -else: Suffix. From Old Norse -else, a nominalizing suffix indicating a state or condition. Function: Turns the verb-like element into a noun.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: hin-ne-be-tenn-else. Nynorsk generally stresses the first syllable of the root word within a compound.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈhæːrnəˌhɪnːəˌbɛtn̩ˌɛlsə/

6. Edge Case Review:

The double consonants (nn) can sometimes pose challenges, but Nynorsk generally allows geminate consonants within syllables. The presence of multiple vowels in close proximity requires careful consideration of diphthongization and vowel reduction.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: hjernehinnebetennelse
• Part of Speech: Noun (feminine)
• Definitions:
  • "Inflammation of the meninges (membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord)."
  • Translation: Meningitis
• Synonyms: meningitt (Bokmål equivalent)
• Antonyms: (None directly applicable - it's a disease state)
• Examples:
  • "Ho vart innlagt på sjukehuset med hjernehinnebetennelse." (She was admitted to the hospital with meningitis.)
  • "Hjernehinnebetennelse kan vere farleg, spesielt for born." (Meningitis can be dangerous, especially for children.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• hjernekraft (brainpower): hjer-ne-kraft. Similar initial syllable structure. Stress on the first syllable of the root.
• hjerterytme (heart rate): hjer-te-ryt-me. Similar initial syllable structure. Stress on the first syllable of the root.
• hinnefestet (membrane attachment): hin-ne-fes-tet. Similar hinne- root. Stress on the first syllable of the root.

The differences in syllable division arise from the varying length and complexity of the subsequent morphemes. hjernehinnebetennelse has a longer and more complex suffix, leading to more syllables.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Open Syllable Preference: Nynorsk favors open syllables (CV). This is applied throughout the word, breaking up consonant clusters where possible.
• Rule 2: Vowel Grouping: Vowel groups are generally treated as separate syllables, unless they form a diphthong.
• Rule 3: Compound Word Syllabification: Syllabification within compound words follows the same rules as single words, treating each morpheme as a potential syllable unit.

11. Special Considerations:

The geminate consonants (nn) are maintained within syllables, reflecting Nynorsk phonology. The vowel qualities are crucial for accurate pronunciation and syllable division. Regional variations in vowel pronunciation might exist, but the core syllable structure remains consistent.

12. Short Analysis:

hjernehinnebetennelse is a compound noun meaning "meningitis." It's divided into syllables as hjer-ne-hin-ne-be-tenn-else, with primary stress on tenn. The word is built from roots hjerne (brain), hinne (membrane), and tenn (inflame) with the prefix be- and suffix -else. The syllable division follows Nynorsk's preference for open syllables and avoids breaking up consonant clusters unnecessarily.