Hyphenation ofkryss-subsidiere

Norwegian Nynorsk Word Analysis: kryss-subsidiere

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "kryss-subsidiere" is a compound verb in Norwegian Nynorsk, meaning "to cross-subsidize." It's a relatively recent loanword, combining a native Norwegian element ("kryss") with a borrowing from French/Latin ("subsidiere"). Pronunciation follows Nynorsk standards, with a tendency towards a more conservative realization of vowels and consonants compared to Bokmål.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Nynorsk syllable division rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and consonant clusters, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: kryss- (from Norwegian kryss, meaning 'cross'). Function: Indicates a crossing or reciprocal action. Origin: Old Norse.
• Root: subsidier- (from French subsidier, ultimately from Latin subsidiare - 'to grant assistance, support'). Function: Core meaning of providing support or assistance. Origin: Latin.
• Suffix: -e (inflectional ending indicating infinitive form of the verb). Function: Verb inflection. Origin: Germanic.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable of the root: sub-si-di-e-re.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/kryss.sʉb.siˈdiː.rə/

6. Edge Case Review:

The compound nature of the word presents a slight edge case. While Nynorsk generally favors breaking down compounds into syllables based on their constituent parts, the close integration of "kryss" and "subsidiere" necessitates treating it as a single phonological word for stress assignment.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word functions primarily as a verb. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical context (e.g., in a sentence).

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: kryss-subsidiere
• Grammatical Category: Verb (Infinitive)
• Translation: To cross-subsidize
• Definitions:
  • To finance one sector or group by funds obtained from another.
• Synonyms: støtte overføre (support transfer), finansiere kryssvis (finance crosswise)
• Antonyms: direkte finansiere (direct finance)
• Examples:
  • "Selskapet kryss-subsidierer tapene i den ene avdelingen med overskuddet fra den andre." (The company cross-subsidizes the losses in one department with the profits from the other.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• "universitet" (university): u-ni-ver-si-te-t /ʉ.ni.vɛr.siˈteːt/ - Similar syllable structure with alternating vowel-consonant patterns. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
• "administrere" (to administer): a-dmi-ni-stre-re /ad.mi.niˈstreː.rə/ - Shares the "-ere" ending and similar stress pattern.
• "organiserer" (organizes): o-rga-ni-se-rer /ɔr.ɡa.niˈseː.rər/ - Demonstrates the typical Nynorsk syllable structure and stress placement.

The differences lie in the initial consonant clusters and the presence of the compound element "kryss-". Nynorsk allows for relatively complex consonant clusters at the beginning of words, as seen in "kryss".

10. Syllable List with IPA and Rule Explanations:

• kryss: /kryss/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant cluster. Exception: Initial consonant cluster is permissible.
• sub: /sʉb/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
• si: /si/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
• di: /diː/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant. Long vowel due to following 'e'.
• e: /ə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel. Reduced vowel (schwa) in unstressed position.
• re: /rə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.

11. Division Rules:

• Vowel Peak: Each syllable must contain a vowel sound (vowel peak).
• Sonority Sequencing: Syllables are formed based on the principle of sonority sequencing, with sounds decreasing in sonority from the syllable peak outwards.
• Compound Word Syllabification: Compound words are syllabified based on the syllables of their constituent parts.

12. Special Considerations:

The word's hybrid nature (native Norwegian + loanword) requires careful consideration. The integration of the two elements influences the overall stress pattern and syllabification.

13. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in Nynorsk pronunciation might affect the realization of vowels (e.g., /ʉ/ vs. /y/) and the degree of vowel reduction in unstressed syllables. However, the core syllable division remains consistent.