Hyphenation ofselvbestemmelse
Syllable Division:
selv-be-stem-mel-se
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/sɛlvˌbɛstɛmˈmɛlsə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
01001
Primary stress falls on the second syllable ('bestem'). This is typical for Nynorsk nouns of this length.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, vowel followed by consonant.
Open syllable, vowel followed by consonant.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster followed by vowel and consonant.
Open syllable, vowel followed by consonant.
Open syllable, vowel following a consonant.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: selv
Old Norse *selfr*, reflexive pronoun, intensifying.
Root: bestem
Old Norse *bestemma*, to determine, decide, related to English 'bestow'.
Suffix: melse
Nynorsk nominalizing suffix, forming a noun from a verb.
The right or capacity for self-determination; autonomy.
Translation: Self-determination
Examples:
"Folket krevde full selvbestemmelse."
"Selvbestemmelse er en grunnleggende menneskerett."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure, consonant-vowel alternation.
More complex, but demonstrates similar application of syllable division rules.
Similar open syllable structure and stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximize Onsets
Prioritize creating syllables with consonant onsets whenever possible.
Vowel Sequences
Vowel sequences are generally separated into distinct syllables.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'v' sound is often realized as [ʋ] in Nynorsk, but this doesn't affect syllabification.
Regional variations in vowel quality may exist, but do not alter syllable boundaries.
Summary:
The word 'selvbestemmelse' is divided into five syllables: selv-be-stem-mel-se. Stress falls on the second syllable ('bestem'). The word is morphologically composed of the prefix 'selv-', the root 'bestem-', and the suffix '-melse'. Syllabification follows standard Nynorsk rules, maximizing onsets and respecting vowel sequences.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "selvbestemmelse" (Norwegian Nynorsk)
1. Pronunciation Examination:
The word "selvbestemmelse" is pronounced with a relatively consistent vowel quality across its syllables. The 'v' is often realized as a labiodental approximant [ʋ] in Nynorsk. The 'e' sounds are generally close-mid front unrounded vowels [e]. The 'm' sounds are bilabial nasals [m].
2. Syllable Division:
Following Nynorsk syllable division rules, which prioritize maximizing onsets and respecting vowel sequences, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: selv- (Old Norse selfr). Function: reflexive pronoun, intensifying.
- Root: bestem- (Old Norse bestemma). Function: to determine, decide. Related to English "bestow".
- Suffix: -melse (Nynorsk). Function: nominalizing suffix, forming a noun from a verb. Derived from older forms with -else.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the second syllable: bestem. This is typical for Nynorsk nouns of this length.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/sɛlvˌbɛstɛmˈmɛlsə/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- selv: /sɛlv/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant. No exceptions.
- be: /bɛ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant. No exceptions.
- stem: /stɛm/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster followed by a vowel and consonant. No exceptions.
- mel: /mɛl/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant. No exceptions.
- se: /sə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel following a consonant. No exceptions.
7. Edge Case Review:
The cluster "st" is common in Nynorsk and doesn't pose a syllabification challenge. The vowel sequence "e-e" in bestem is also standard and doesn't require special treatment.
8. Grammatical Role:
"Selvbestemmelse" functions primarily as a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical context.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: The right or capacity for self-determination; autonomy.
- Translation: Self-determination
- Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine)
- Synonyms: sjølvstyre (self-government), autonomi (autonomy)
- Antonyms: avhengighet (dependence), underkastelse (subordination)
- Examples:
- "Folket krevde full selvbestemmelse." (The people demanded full self-determination.)
- "Selvbestemmelse er en grunnleggende menneskerett." (Self-determination is a fundamental human right.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in Nynorsk pronunciation are common, particularly regarding vowel qualities. However, these variations generally don't affect the core syllabification. Some dialects might slightly reduce the vowel in the final syllable, but the syllable boundaries remain the same.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- frihetskamp (struggle for freedom): fri-hets-kamp. Similar syllable structure, with consonant-vowel alternation. Stress on the second syllable.
- samfunnsansvar (social responsibility): sam-funns-an-svar. More complex, with multiple syllables. Stress on the second syllable.
- arbeidsliv (working life): ar-beids-liv. Similar open syllable structure. Stress on the second syllable.
The consistency in stress placement on the second syllable in these words reinforces the typical stress pattern for Nynorsk nouns. The syllable division rules are applied similarly across these examples, prioritizing maximizing onsets and respecting vowel sequences.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.