Hyphenation ofsmertestillende

Analysis of "smertestillende" (Norwegian Nynorsk)

1. Pronunciation Considerations:

The word "smertestillende" is a present participle adjective in Nynorsk, meaning "pain-relieving" or "pain-killing". Pronunciation will vary slightly regionally, but generally follows Nynorsk phonological rules. The 'e' sounds are typically close-mid front unrounded vowels /e/, and the 'i' sounds are close front unrounded vowels /i/.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Nynorsk syllable division rules, which prioritize maximizing onsets and respecting vowel sequences, the word breaks down as follows (using only the original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• smert-: Root. Origin: Old Norse smerte (pain). Morphological function: Denotes pain.
• -e-: Connecting vowel. Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Connects root to suffix.
• still-: Root. Origin: Old Norse stillr (calm, quiet). Morphological function: Denotes calming or stopping.
• -ende: Suffix. Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Present participle, forming an adjective.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the second syllable: stil. Nynorsk generally stresses the first syllable of the root.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈsmɛrtəˌstɪlːən̪de/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• smer-: /smɛr/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-Vowel (CV) structure. No exceptions.
• -te-: /ˈte/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel-Consonant-Vowel (VCV). The 'e' is a schwa-like vowel in unstressed position.
• -stil-: /ˈstɪlː/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant Cluster-Vowel-Consonant (CCV). The 'lː' represents a long consonant.
• -len-: /ˈlɛn̪/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel-Consonant-Vowel (VCV). The 'n' is dentalized.
• -de-: /de/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-Vowel (CV). No exceptions.

7. Edge Case Review:

The long consonant 'lː' in "stil" is a common feature of Nynorsk and affects syllable weight. The dentalization of 'n' before 'd' is a common allophonic variation.

8. Grammatical Role:

As a present participle adjective, the syllabification remains consistent. If used as part of a verb phrase (though less common), the stress pattern would not significantly change.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: smertestillende
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions:
  • "Pain-relieving"
  • "Pain-killing"
• Translation: Pain-relieving
• Synonyms: smertelindrande (pain-alleviating), beroligande (calming)
• Antonyms: smerteskapande (pain-causing)
• Examples:
  • "Han tok en smertestillende tablett." (He took a pain-relieving pill.)
  • "Den smertestillende kremen hjalp." (The pain-relieving cream helped.)

10. Regional Variations:

Pronunciation of vowels can vary slightly between dialects. Some dialects might reduce the schwa-like 'e' even further. Syllable division, however, remains consistent.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• lettare (easier): let-ta-re. Similar CV structure. Stress on the first syllable of the root.
• vanskeleg (difficult): van-ske-leg. Similar CV and CVC structures. Stress on the second syllable.
• interessant (interesting): in-te-res-sant. Similar VCV and CVC structures. Stress on the third syllable.

The differences in stress placement are due to the different morphological structures and root origins of the words. "smertestillende" has a compound structure with two roots, influencing the stress pattern.