Hyphenation ofsprøytenarkomani
Syllable Division:
sprøy-te-nar-ko-ma-ni
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈsprœʏtənɑːrkɔmɑni/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
010010
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('ko'). This is typical for Nynorsk words of this length.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable with a consonant cluster onset. Contains a diphthong.
Closed syllable with a simple vowel.
Open syllable with a simple vowel.
Open syllable with a simple vowel.
Open syllable with a simple vowel.
Closed syllable with a simple vowel.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: narko-
From Greek 'narkōtikos' (narcotic), indicating relation to drugs.
Root: sprøyte-
From the verb 'sprøyte' (to inject, to spray). Germanic origin.
Suffix: -mani
From Greek 'mania' (madness, obsession), indicating an obsessive condition.
Syringe drug addiction; the compulsive use of drugs injected with a syringe.
Translation: Syringe drug addiction
Examples:
"Sprøytenarkomani er eit stort problem i mange byar."
"Ho kjempa mot sprøytenarkomani i mange år."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Compound noun with consonant clusters, similar syllable structure.
Compound noun, similar morphological structure.
Compound noun, demonstrating typical Nynorsk syllable division.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximize Onsets
Consonant clusters are kept together at the beginning of a syllable whenever possible (e.g., 'spr' in 'sprøy').
Vowel Sequences
Each vowel sound generally forms a separate syllable (e.g., 'te' after 'sprøy').
Penultimate Stress
Words of this length typically have stress on the second-to-last syllable.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The diphthong 'øy' does not present a significant syllabification challenge.
Consonant clusters 'spr' and 'rk' are permissible in Norwegian.
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation might exist but do not alter the syllable division.
Summary:
The word 'sprøytenarkomani' is a compound noun in Nynorsk, divided into six syllables: sprøy-te-nar-ko-ma-ni. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable. The word is morphologically composed of the root 'sprøyte-', the prefix 'narko-', and the suffix '-mani'. Syllable division follows the principles of maximizing onsets and respecting vowel sequences.
Detailed Analysis:
Norwegian Nynorsk Word Analysis: sprøytenarkomani
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "sprøytenarkomani" is a compound noun in Norwegian Nynorsk, referring to syringe drug addiction. It's a relatively long word, and its pronunciation involves several consonant clusters and vowel qualities typical of the language.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Nynorsk syllable division rules, which generally favor maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable) and respecting vowel sequences, the division will be as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- sprøyte-: Root. From the verb "sprøyte" (to inject, to spray). Germanic origin.
- narko-: Prefix. From Greek "narkōtikos" (narcotic). Indicates relation to drugs.
- -mani: Suffix. From Greek "mania" (madness, obsession). Indicates an obsessive condition.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable (second to last). This is a common pattern in Norwegian Nynorsk for words of this length.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈsprœʏtənɑːrkɔmɑni/
6. Edge Case Review:
The "øy" diphthong is a common feature of Norwegian and doesn't present a significant edge case. The consonant clusters "spr" and "rk" are permissible in Norwegian onsets and codas.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function, as it's a fixed compound.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Syringe drug addiction; the compulsive use of drugs injected with a syringe.
- Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine gender)
- Synonyms: sprøyteavhengigheit (syringe dependency), narkoman (drug addict)
- Antonyms: rusfriheit (sobriety), avholdsfrom (abstinence)
- Examples:
- "Sprøytenarkomani er eit stort problem i mange byar." (Syringe drug addiction is a big problem in many cities.)
- "Ho kjempa mot sprøytenarkomani i mange år." (She fought against syringe drug addiction for many years.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- "bokhandel" (bookstore): "bok-han-del" - Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters. Stress on the first syllable.
- "datamaskin" (computer): "da-ta-maskin" - Compound noun, similar to "sprøytenarkomani". Stress on the second syllable.
- "fotballspelar" (football player): "fot-ball-spe-lar" - Another compound noun. Stress on the third syllable.
The differences in stress placement are due to the length and morphological structure of each word. Longer words tend to have penultimate stress.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation might exist, but they won't significantly alter the syllable division. Some dialects might slightly reduce the vowel in the unstressed syllables.
11. Syllable Division Rules:
- Maximize onsets: Consonant clusters are generally kept together at the beginning of a syllable.
- Vowel sequences: Each vowel sound generally forms a separate syllable.
- Penultimate stress: Words of this length typically have stress on the second-to-last syllable.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.