Hyphenation oftilbakeværende

Analysis of "tilbakeværende" (Norwegian Nynorsk)

1. Pronunciation Considerations:

The word "tilbakeværende" is a participial form of the verb "tilbakevere" (to remain, to be left). Pronunciation in Nynorsk can vary slightly regionally, but the core phonological structure remains consistent. The 'e' at the end is pronounced, and vowel reduction is minimal compared to some other Scandinavian languages.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Nynorsk syllable division rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid breaking consonant clusters unless they are complex and unpronounceable as a unit, the division is as follows.

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• til-: Prefix, origin: Old Norse til meaning "to, towards". Morphological function: prepositional prefix indicating direction or completion.
• bake-: Root, origin: Old Norse baki meaning "back". Morphological function: indicates a reversal or return.
• -værende: Suffix, origin: derived from the present participle of vere (to be). Morphological function: forms the present active participle, indicating an ongoing state.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the second syllable: "ba-".

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/tɪlˈbɑkəˌvɛːrən̪d̪ə/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• til /tɪl/: Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No consonant clusters disrupt the vowel. Exception: None.
• ba /ˈbɑkə/: Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant(s). Stress falls here. Exception: None.
• ke /kə/: Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nucleus. Exception: None.
• væ /ˈvɛː/: Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nucleus. Exception: None.
• ren /rən̪/: Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant(s). Exception: The 'n' is dentalized in many Nynorsk dialects.
• de /d̪ə/: Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nucleus. Exception: The 'd' is dentalized in many Nynorsk dialects.

7. Edge Case Review:

The consonant cluster "kv" is common in Norwegian and is generally treated as a single unit within a syllable. The dentalization of 'n' and 'd' is a regional variation but doesn't affect the core syllabification.

8. Grammatical Role:

"tilbakeværende" functions primarily as an adjective (remaining, extant) or a participle. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical role.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Remaining, extant, present.
• Translation: Remaining (English)
• Grammatical Category: Adjective, Participle
• Synonyms: attverande, restande
• Antonyms: borte, forsvunne
• Examples: "De tilbakeværende soldatene kjempet tappert." (The remaining soldiers fought bravely.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

As mentioned, dentalization of 'n' and 'd' is common. Some dialects might exhibit slight vowel variations, but these don't fundamentally alter the syllable structure.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• "tilbake" (back): ti-ba-ke. Similar structure, stress on the second syllable.
• "overværende" (present): o-ver-væ-ren-de. Similar syllable structure, stress on the third syllable.
• "underliggende" (underlying): un-der-lig-gen-de. Similar syllable structure, stress on the second syllable.

The consistency in syllable division across these words demonstrates the application of the core Nynorsk syllabification rules. Differences in stress placement are determined by morphological structure and vowel length.