Hyphenation oftomgangskjøring
Syllable Division:
tom-gang-skjø-ring
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈtɔmˌɡɑŋskjøːrɪŋ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0100
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('skjø'), following the general Nynorsk rule of penultimate stress in longer words.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, containing a short vowel.
Open syllable, containing a short vowel.
Closed syllable, containing a long vowel and a consonant cluster.
Closed syllable, containing a short vowel.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: tom
Adjective meaning 'empty', Old Norse origin.
Root: skjø
Root of 'å skjøre' (to slide, drive), Old Norse origin.
Suffix: ring
Nominalizing suffix indicating a process, common in Nynorsk.
The act or process of an engine running without being connected to a load; idling.
Translation: Idling
Examples:
"Motoren gikk på tomgangskjøring."
"Unødvendig tomgangskjøring er dårlig for miljøet."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximize Onsets
Nynorsk favors creating syllables with consonant clusters at the beginning (onsets) whenever possible.
Avoid Stranded Consonants
Consonants are generally not left at the end of a syllable unless necessary due to vowel sequences or other constraints.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'skjø' cluster is a common and accepted combination in Nynorsk.
The 'ng' cluster is also standard and doesn't pose a syllabification challenge.
The word is exclusively a noun, so there are no syllabification or stress shifts based on grammatical function.
Summary:
The word 'tomgangskjøring' is a compound noun meaning 'idling'. It is divided into four syllables: tom-gang-skjø-ring, with primary stress on 'skjø'. The syllabification follows Nynorsk rules prioritizing onsets and avoiding stranded consonants. It consists of the morphemes 'tom' (empty), 'gang' (walk/run), 'skjø' (drive), and '-ring' (nominalizing suffix).
Detailed Analysis:
Norwegian Nynorsk Word Analysis: tomgangskjøring
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "tomgangskjøring" refers to idling (of an engine). It's a compound noun common in contexts related to vehicles and machinery. Pronunciation in Nynorsk generally follows the standard rules, with vowel qualities and consonant clusters being key considerations.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Nynorsk syllable division rules, which prioritize maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable) and avoiding stranded consonants, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- tom-: Adjective meaning "empty" (Old Norse tómr).
- gang-: Noun meaning "walk, run, course" (Old Norse gangr). Here, it functions as part of a compound.
- skjø-: Root of the verb "å skjøre" meaning "to slide, to run, to drive" (Old Norse skjóra).
- -ring: Suffix indicating a process or action (related to the verb).
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: "skjø-".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈtɔmˌɡɑŋskjøːrɪŋ/
6. Edge Case Review:
The "skjø" cluster is relatively common in Nynorsk and doesn't present a significant edge case. The "ng" cluster is also standard. The final "-ring" is a common nominalizing suffix.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Tomgangskjøring" is exclusively a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: The act or process of an engine running without being connected to a load; idling.
- Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine gender)
- Translation: Idling
- Synonyms: tomgang (idling - shorter form), stillstand (standstill)
- Antonyms: kjøring (driving), drift (operation)
- Examples:
- "Motoren gikk på tomgangskjøring." (The engine was idling.)
- "Unødvendig tomgangskjøring er dårlig for miljøet." (Unnecessary idling is bad for the environment.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- parkering: /pɑrˈkɛːrɪŋ/ - Syllables: par-ke-ring. Similar suffix "-ring". Stress on the second syllable.
- kjøreplan: /ˈkjøːrəˌplɑn/ - Syllables: kjø-re-plan. Similar "kjø" root. Stress on the first syllable.
- gangvei: /ˈɡɑŋˌveɪ/ - Syllables: gang-vei. Contains the "gang" morpheme. Stress on the first syllable.
The differences in stress placement are due to the length and complexity of the words, and the inherent stress patterns of Nynorsk, which tend to favor penultimate stress in longer words.
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