Hyphenation ofhjerte-lunge-maskin

Norwegian Word Analysis: hjerte-lunge-maskin

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "hjerte-lunge-maskin" (heart-lung machine) is a compound noun in Norwegian. It's pronounced approximately as [hæɾtəˈlʉŋɡəˌmaskɪn]. The pronunciation involves a relatively straightforward application of Norwegian phonological rules, with vowel reduction in unstressed syllables and the typical realization of /r/ as a flap or trill.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Norwegian syllable division rules, which generally favor maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable), the word is divided as follows (using only the original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• hjerte-: Root. Origin: Old Norse hjarta. Meaning: "heart". Morphological function: Noun stem.
• lunge-: Root. Origin: Old Norse lunga. Meaning: "lung". Morphological function: Noun stem.
• maskin: Root. Origin: German Maschine. Meaning: "machine". Morphological function: Noun stem.

The word is a compound, formed by concatenating three noun stems.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the second syllable of the final component, "maskin". This is typical for Norwegian compound nouns, where stress tends to fall on the last element.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/hæɾtəˈlʉŋɡəˌmaskɪn/

6. Edge Case Review:

Norwegian allows for relatively flexible syllable structures, but the compound nature of this word doesn't present any unusual edge cases. The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a standard feature.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word functions solely as a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical context.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: hjerte-lunge-maskin
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine)
• English Translation: Heart-lung machine
• Synonyms: (None common, it's a technical term)
• Antonyms: (Not applicable)
• Examples:
  • "Pasienten ble koblet til en hjerte-lunge-maskin." (The patient was connected to a heart-lung machine.)
  • "Hjerte-lunge-maskinen holdt pasienten i live." (The heart-lung machine kept the patient alive.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• datamaskin (computer): da-ta-maskin. Similar syllable structure, stress on the last element.
• bordsag (table saw): bords-ag. Simpler compound, but stress pattern is the same.
• fruktkurv (fruit basket): frukt-kurv. Another compound noun with stress on the last element.

The consistency in stress placement on the final element of the compound is a key feature of Norwegian compound nouns. The syllable structures are also comparable, with relatively simple CV (consonant-vowel) patterns dominating.

Syllable Breakdown Details:

Division Rules Applied:

• Maximize Onset: Norwegian favors placing as many consonants as possible into the onset of a syllable.
• Vowel as Syllable Nucleus: Each syllable must contain a vowel sound.
• Compound Word Syllabification: Syllabification follows the individual morphemes within the compound.

Special Considerations:

• The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables (e.g., /tə/, /ɡə/) is a common feature of Norwegian pronunciation.
• Regional variations in the realization of /r/ (flap vs. trill) might exist, but do not affect syllable division.

Short Analysis:

"hjerte-lunge-maskin" is a Norwegian compound noun meaning "heart-lung machine." It's syllabified as hjer-te-lun-ge-mas-kin, with primary stress on the final syllable ("maskin"). The word is formed by combining three noun stems, and its syllable structure follows typical Norwegian phonological rules, prioritizing maximizing onsets and vowel-based syllable nuclei.