Hyphenation ofkostnadsoverskridelse

Norwegian Word Analysis: kostnadsoverskridelse

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "kostnadsoverskridelse" is a complex noun in Norwegian, meaning "cost overrun." It's a compound word built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves a relatively consistent vowel quality across syllables, with stress typically falling on the root syllable.

2. Syllable Division:

kost-nads-o-ver-skri-del-se

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• kost-: Root, from Old Norse kostr meaning 'cost'. (Germanic origin)
• -nads-: Suffix, derived from the noun kostnad ('cost'), forming a possessive/attributive relation. (Germanic origin)
• o-: Connecting vowel, common in Norwegian compound words.
• -ver-: Root, from Old Norse vera meaning 'to be, to become'. (Germanic origin)
• -skri-: Root, from Old Norse skríða meaning 'to creep, to exceed'. (Germanic origin)
• -del-: Root, from Old Norse deila meaning 'to divide, to share'. (Germanic origin)
• -se: Suffix, forming a noun denoting an action or result. (Germanic origin)

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the first syllable: kost-nads-o-ver-skri-del-se.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈkɔstˌnɑdsˌʊvərˌskɾiːdəlsə/

6. Edge Case Review:

Norwegian syllable structure is relatively simple, primarily (C)V(C). This word doesn't present significant edge cases, though the cluster /skɾ/ can be challenging for non-native speakers.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical context, as it's a single, inflexible form.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: A situation where the actual costs of a project or undertaking exceed the budgeted amount.
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine gender - kostnadsoverskridelsen)
• Translation: Cost overrun
• Synonyms: budsjettoverskridelse (budget overrun), merkostnader (extra costs)
• Antonyms: kostnadsbesparelse (cost saving), budsjetthold (staying within budget)
• Examples:
  • "Det store byggeprosjektet led av en betydelig kostnadsoverskridelse." (The large construction project suffered a significant cost overrun.)
  • "Kostnadsoverskridelsen førte til at prosjektet ble utsatt." (The cost overrun led to the project being postponed.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• arbeidsledighet (unemployment): ar-beids-le-di-ghet - Similar syllable structure, with alternating consonant-vowel patterns. Stress on the first syllable.
• samfunnsansvar (social responsibility): sam-funns-an-svar - Compound word, similar use of connecting vowels. Stress on the first syllable.
• konkurranseevne (competitiveness): kon-kur-ran-se-ev-ne - Another compound word with a similar structure. Stress on the second syllable, demonstrating that stress isn't always on the first syllable in Norwegian compounds, but is often influenced by the root morphemes.

Syllable Analysis Details:

Exceptions/Special Cases (Word-Level):

The compound nature of the word requires careful consideration of morpheme boundaries when dividing syllables. The connecting vowel 'o' forms a syllable on its own.

Division Rules Applied:

1. Onset-Rime Division: Syllables are divided based on the onset (initial consonant cluster) and rime (vowel and any following consonants).
2. Vowel as Nucleus: Each syllable must contain a vowel sound, which serves as the nucleus.
3. Maximizing Onset Complexity: Consonant clusters are maximized within the onset of a syllable.