Hyphenation ofnatriumhydrogenkarbonat

Norwegian Word Analysis: natriumhydrogenkarbonat

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "natriumhydrogenkarbonat" is a chemical compound name (sodium bicarbonate). Norwegian pronunciation follows fairly regular patterns, though vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is common. The word is relatively long and complex, requiring careful application of syllabification rules.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Norwegian syllabification rules, which generally favor onsets and avoid stranded consonants, the division is as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• natrium - Root (Latin natrium via German, meaning sodium) - Chemical element name.
• hydrogen - Root (Greek hydro 'water' + genes 'forming') - Indicates the presence of hydrogen.
• karbonat - Root (Latin carbonas) - Indicates the presence of carbonate.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: "kar-bo-nat". Norwegian generally stresses the second-to-last syllable in words of this length and complexity.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈnɑːtrɪʊmˌhʏdrɔɡɛnˌkɑːrbɔnɑːt/

6. Edge Case Review:

Norwegian allows for some flexibility in syllable division, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the given division adheres to the principle of maximizing onsets.

7. Grammatical Role:

"Natriumhydrogenkarbonat" functions primarily as a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical context.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: A white crystalline powder that is a sodium acid salt of carbonic acid, used in baking powder, as an antacid, and in fire extinguishers.
• Translation: Sodium bicarbonate (English)
• Grammatical Category: Noun (substantiv)
• Synonyms: Baking soda (English), matnatron (Norwegian)
• Antonyms: None directly applicable.
• Examples:
  • "Hun brukte natriumhydrogenkarbonat til å bake en kake." (She used sodium bicarbonate to bake a cake.)
  • "Natriumhydrogenkarbonat kan lindre halsbrann." (Sodium bicarbonate can relieve heartburn.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• hydrogenperoksid (hydrogen peroxide): hy-dro-gen-pe-roksid. Similar structure with multiple compound roots. Stress pattern is also penultimate.
• kaliumklorid (potassium chloride): ka-li-um-klo-rid. Similar compound structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
• jernsulfat (iron sulfate): jern-sul-fat. Shorter compound, but follows the same principle of syllable division around consonant clusters.

10. Syllable Analysis & Rules:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, including rules applied:

• na /nɑː/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables generally end in vowels.
• tri /trɪʊm/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are often part of the onset.
• um /ʊm/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
• hy /hʏ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables generally end in vowels.
• dro /drɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables generally end in vowels.
• gen /ɡɛn/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
• kar /kɑːr/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
• bo /bɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables generally end in vowels.
• nat /nɑːt/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.

11. Division Rules Applied:

• Onset Maximization: Norwegian favors maximizing the number of consonants in the onset of a syllable.
• Vowel-Centric Syllables: Syllables generally revolve around a vowel sound.
• Avoidance of Stranded Consonants: Consonants are generally not left at the end of a syllable unless necessary due to consonant clusters.

12. Special Considerations:

Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a common feature of Norwegian pronunciation. This might lead to slight variations in the realization of vowels in syllables like "um" and "gen".

13. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in vowel pronunciation exist in Norwegian. However, the core syllabification remains consistent.