Hyphenation ofparallellutgave
Syllable Division:
pa-ra-llell-ut-ga-ve
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/pɑˈrɑlːɛlːutˈɡɑːvɛ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
001000
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('llell'). Norwegian generally stresses the penult, but compound words can shift stress.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset 'p', vowel 'a'
Open syllable, onset 'r', vowel 'a'
Closed syllable, geminate consonant 'll', vowel 'e'
Open syllable, onset 'u', vowel 't'
Open syllable, onset 'g', vowel 'a'
Open syllable, onset 'v', vowel 'e'
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix:
None
Root: parallel
From French 'parallèle', ultimately from Greek 'parallēlos' meaning 'beside each other'.
Suffix: utgave
From 'ut' (out) + 'gave' (edition). Forms a noun denoting an edition.
A version of a work published alongside another, often a translation or a different edition.
Translation: Parallel edition
Examples:
"Jeg foretrekker å lese boken i en parallellutgave."
"Denne parallellutgaven er svært nyttig for språklæring."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with geminate consonants and compound structure.
Similar vowel structure and stress pattern.
Similar compound structure and stress on the second element.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset Maximization
Norwegian favors maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable).
Vowel Peak
Each syllable must contain a vowel.
Sonority Sequencing
Syllables generally follow a sonority hierarchy (vowels are more sonorous than consonants).
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The geminate 'll' creates a heavier syllable, influencing the stress pattern.
The compound nature of the word requires consideration of the stress patterns of its constituent parts.
Summary:
The word 'parallellutgave' is a compound noun syllabified as pa-ra-llell-ut-ga-ve, with primary stress on 'llell'. It's composed of the root 'parallel' and the suffix 'utgave', and its syllabification follows Norwegian rules of onset maximization and vowel peak.
Detailed Analysis:
Norwegian Word Analysis: parallellutgave
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "parallellutgave" (parallel edition) is a compound noun in Norwegian. It consists of "parallel" (parallell) and "edition" (utgave). The pronunciation involves a relatively straightforward application of Norwegian syllabic structure, though the geminate consonants and vowel qualities require careful consideration.
2. Syllable Division:
The syllable division, adhering to the rule of maximizing onsets, is: pa-ra-llell-ut-ga-ve.
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: None
- Root: parallel (from French parallèle, ultimately from Greek parallēlos meaning "beside each other"). Function: Describes the relationship between two or more things.
- Suffix: -utgave (from ut 'out' + gave 'give/edition'). Function: Forms a noun denoting an edition or version. Utgave is a common suffix for creating nouns related to publications.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: pa-ra-llell-ut-ga-ve. Norwegian generally stresses the penult (second-to-last syllable) in words, but compound words can shift stress based on the constituent parts. In this case, the "parallel" portion receives the primary stress.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/pɑˈrɑlːɛlːutˈɡɑːvɛ/
6. Edge Case Review:
The geminate consonants (double 'l') are crucial in Norwegian pronunciation and affect syllable weight. The vowel qualities /ɑ/ and /ɛ/ are also important distinctions. There are no significant regional variations affecting syllabification of this word.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Parallellutgave" functions primarily as a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical context within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: A version of a work published alongside another, often a translation or a different edition.
- Translation: Parallel edition
- Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine gender - en parallellutgave)
- Synonyms: Sammenligningsutgave (comparative edition), tospråklig utgave (bilingual edition)
- Antonyms: Originalutgave (original edition)
- Examples:
- "Jeg foretrekker å lese boken i en parallellutgave." (I prefer to read the book in a parallel edition.)
- "Denne parallellutgaven er svært nyttig for språklæring." (This parallel edition is very useful for language learning.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- fotballag: fo-tbal-lag (similar syllable structure with geminate consonants)
- universitet: u-ni-ver-si-tet (similar vowel structure and stress pattern)
- problemstilling: pro-blem-stil-ling (similar compound structure and stress on the second element)
The differences lie in the length of the syllables and the presence of geminate consonants. "Parallellutgave" has a longer syllable due to the doubled 'l', influencing the overall rhythm of the word.
10. Division Rules:
- Onset Maximization: Norwegian favors maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable). This is applied in "pa-ra-llell".
- Vowel Peak: Each syllable must contain a vowel.
- Sonority Sequencing: Syllables generally follow a sonority hierarchy (vowels are more sonorous than consonants).
11. Special Considerations:
The geminate 'll' creates a heavier syllable, influencing the stress pattern. The compound nature of the word requires consideration of the stress patterns of its constituent parts.
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is /pɑˈrɑlːɛlːutˈɡɑːvɛ/, some regional dialects might exhibit slight variations in vowel quality or consonant pronunciation, but these do not significantly alter the syllabification.
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