Hyphenation ofparlamentarisme
Syllable Division:
pa-rla-men-ta-ri-sme
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/par.lə.mɛn.ta.ɾi.smə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
010010
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('ri').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, contains an alveolar tap.
Closed syllable, typical Norwegian vowel.
Open syllable, simple structure.
Open syllable, contains an alveolar tap.
Closed syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: parla-
Latin origin, relating to speech or assembly.
Root: -ment-
Latin origin, forms nouns of state or action.
Suffix: -arisme
French origin, forms abstract nouns denoting a doctrine.
A political system based on the principles of parliamentarianism.
Translation: Parliamentarianism
Examples:
"Det norske parlamentarisme er basert på et konstitusjonelt monarki."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the '-ati' suffix and similar stress pattern.
Shares the '-isme' suffix and similar stress pattern.
Shares the '-isme' suffix and similar stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximize Onsets
Syllable division prioritizes placing consonants with the following vowel.
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Syllables are structured based on decreasing sonority from the nucleus outwards.
Vowel Division
Syllable division occurs before each vowel.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Potential for syllabic 'r' pronunciation, though less common in this word.
Adaptation of vowel qualities to the Norwegian vowel system.
Summary:
The word 'parlamentarisme' is divided into six syllables (pa-rla-men-ta-ri-sme) with stress on the penultimate syllable. It's a loanword with Latin and French origins, and its syllabification follows standard Norwegian rules of maximizing onsets and adhering to the sonority sequencing principle.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "parlamentarisme" (Norwegian)
1. Pronunciation Considerations:
The word "parlamentarisme" is a relatively recent loanword in Norwegian, primarily from French, and its pronunciation can exhibit some variation. However, it generally follows Norwegian phonological rules adapted to the foreign origin. The 'r' is typically alveolar, and vowel qualities are adjusted to fit the Norwegian vowel system.
2. Syllable Division:
The syllable division will be based on the principle of maximizing onsets, adhering to the sonority sequencing principle, and respecting Norwegian syllable structure (typically (C)V(C)).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: parla- (Latin parlare - to speak). Function: Relating to discussion or assembly.
- Root: -ment- (Latin mentum - a result of an action). Function: Forms nouns of state or action.
- Suffix: -arisme (French -isme). Function: Forms abstract nouns denoting a doctrine, practice, or system.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable (second to last).
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/par.lə.mɛn.ta.ɾi.smə/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- pa-: /pa/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
- -rla-: /ɾla/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs after a consonant when followed by a vowel. Exception: The 'r' is often syllabic in Norwegian, but here it's part of the onset.
- -men-: /mɛn/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs after a consonant when followed by a vowel. No exceptions.
- -ta-: /ta/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
- -ri-: /ɾi/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
- -sme: /smə/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs after a consonant when followed by a vowel. No exceptions.
7. Edge Case Review:
The 'r' sound can sometimes be syllabic, especially after consonants. However, in this word, it's more commonly integrated into the onset of the following syllable. The vowel qualities are adapted to the Norwegian system, which can lead to slight variations in pronunciation.
8. Grammatical Role:
"Parlamentarisme" functions primarily as a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical context.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: A political system based on the principles of parliamentarianism.
- Translation: Parliamentarianism
- Grammatical Category: Noun (masculine/feminine common gender)
- Synonyms: parlamentarisk system
- Antonyms: autokrati (autocracy)
- Examples: "Det norske parlamentarisme er basert på et konstitusjonelt monarki." (Norwegian parliamentarianism is based on a constitutional monarchy.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Some speakers might pronounce the 'r' more strongly or even syllabically, potentially affecting the syllable division slightly (e.g., par-la-men-ta-ris-me). However, the primary stress remains consistent.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- demokrati: de-mo-kra-ti - Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- sosialisme: so-si-a-lis-me - Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- kapitalisme: ka-pi-ta-lis-me - Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
These words all share the common suffix "-isme" and exhibit a similar pattern of syllable division and stress placement, demonstrating consistency in Norwegian adaptation of loanwords. The differences lie in the initial consonant clusters and vowel qualities, which are determined by the root of each word.
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