Hyphenation ofspørreundersøkelse

Norwegian Word Analysis: spørreundersøkelse

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "spørreundersøkelse" is a Norwegian noun meaning "survey" or "investigation." It's a compound word, typical of Norwegian, built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves a mix of voiced and voiceless consonants, and vowel qualities that are crucial for distinguishing meaning in Norwegian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Norwegian syllable division rules, which generally favor maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable), the word is divided as follows (using only the original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• spørre-: Root. From Old Norse spyrja meaning "to ask, inquire." (Germanic origin) - Verb root.
• under-: Prefix. From Old Norse undir meaning "under, below." (Germanic origin) - Indicates a sub-category or detailed aspect.
• søke-: Root. From Old Norse sókn meaning "search, seeking." (Germanic origin) - Verb root.
• -lse: Suffix. Forms a noun from the verb "søke". (Germanic origin) - Nominalizing suffix.
• -undersøkelse: Compound noun element. Combination of "under" and "søke" + "-else" (a common noun-forming suffix).

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the second syllable: un-der-søk-el-se. Norwegian generally stresses the first syllable of a compound word, but in longer compounds, secondary stresses can occur.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈspœrːəˌʊnːdərˌsøːkəlˌsæː/

6. Edge Case Review:

Norwegian allows for some flexibility in syllable division, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the division presented here is the most common and phonologically justifiable.

7. Grammatical Role:

"spørreundersøkelse" is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: A systematic investigation to gather opinions or information.
• Translation: Survey, investigation, poll.
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine gender - undersøkelsen)
• Synonyms: kartlegging (mapping), analyse (analysis), gransking (scrutiny)
• Antonyms: (Difficult to find direct antonyms, as it's a process. Perhaps ignorering - ignoring)
• Examples:
  • "Vi gjennomførte en spørreundersøkelse blant studentene." (We conducted a survey among the students.)
  • "Resultatene fra spørreundersøkelsen var overraskende." (The results from the survey were surprising.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• vennskap (friendship): ven-skap. Similar syllable structure with a consonant cluster at the beginning.
• arbeidsliv (working life): ar-beids-liv. Demonstrates the tendency to break up consonant clusters when possible.
• datamaskiner (computers): da-ta-maski-ner. Shows how Norwegian handles multiple syllables and consonant clusters.

The differences in syllable division arise from the varying consonant clusters and vowel qualities within each word. "spørreundersøkelse" has a more complex structure due to its compound nature.

Division Rules Applied:

• Onset Maximization: Attempting to include as many consonants as possible in the onset of a syllable.
• Vowel Peak Principle: Each syllable must contain a vowel.
• Sonority Sequencing Principle: Sounds are ordered from more sonorous (vowels) to less sonorous (consonants) within a syllable.