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Learning Guide

Morphology Patterns

Understand how Polish words are built from prefixes, roots, and suffixes. Learn the meaning of common word parts and expand your vocabulary.

273 prefixes|2529 roots|5338 suffixes
Fig. 1 — . The printer’s manual, open on the bench at this chapter.

Prefixes

Word parts added before the root

-z-184

Slavic origin, perfective aspect marker (in this context, part of verb formation).

-dwu-121

From Proto-Slavic *dъvь*, meaning 'two'. Indicates dichloro substitution.

-naj-72

Slavic origin, intensifier/superlative function

-czter-68

Proto-Slavic origin, numerical prefix meaning 'four'.

-kilku-61

Indo-European origin, numeral prefix meaning 'several'.

Showing 12 of 50 patterns

Roots

Core meaning-bearing word parts

intelektualiz-91

From Latin *intellectualis* via French/German, relating to intellectualization

Showing 12 of 50 patterns

Suffixes

Word parts added after the root

-nych-58

Slavic origin, adjectival, genitive plural, instrumental plural, locative plural

-nego-50

Slavic origin, adjectival genitive singular masculine/neuter

-icznego-48

Slavic origin, adjectival genitive singular masculine/neuter

-owego-46

Polish inflectional suffix, genitive singular masculine/neuter adjective

-owej-46

Proto-Slavic origin, genitive singular feminine adjectival ending

Showing 12 of 50 patterns