Hyphenation ofdwudziestoczteroletniego

Polish Word Analysis: "dwudziestoczteroletniego"

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "dwudziestoczteroletniego" is a highly inflected adjective in Polish, meaning "twenty-four-year-old" (masculine genitive singular). It's a complex word formed through compounding and inflection. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters, which are common in Polish, and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Polish syllabification rules, which prioritize onsets and avoid stranded consonants, the division is as follows (using only original letters):

dwu-dzie-sto-cze-ro-le-tni-e-go

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: dwu- (from Proto-Slavic dъvъ meaning "two"). Function: numeral prefix.
• Root: dziesiąt (ten). Function: base for forming numbers.
• Root: cztero (four). Function: base for forming numbers.
• Root: letni (yearly, age-related). Function: indicates age. Derived from lata (years).
• Suffix: -ego (genitive singular masculine ending). Function: grammatical case marking.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: le.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/dvud͡ʑɛɕtɔt͡ʂɛrɔlɛtɲɛɡɔ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Polish syllabification generally avoids leaving consonants without a vowel. The clusters cztero- and -letni- are typical, but require careful consideration. The rz cluster is treated as a single phoneme /ʐ/ in this case.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective in the genitive singular masculine form. If used in a different case or gender, the ending would change, potentially affecting the final syllable. However, the core syllable structure would remain largely consistent.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Twenty-four-year-old (masculine genitive singular).
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Translation: Twenty-four-year-old
• Synonyms: (Descriptive) Młody dwudziestolat (young twenty-year-old)
• Antonyms: Stary (old)
• Examples:
  • "Syn znajomego, dwudziestoczteroletniego studenta, był bardzo inteligentny." (The son of a friend, a twenty-four-year-old student, was very intelligent.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• dwadzieścia (twenty): dwa-dzie-ścia. Similar structure with dwu- and dziesiąt. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
• trzydziestolatka (thirty-year-old): trzy-dzie-sto-lat-ka. Similar structure with dziesiąt. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
• pięcioroletni (five-year-old): pię-cio-ro-let-ni. Similar structure with age-related suffix -letni. Stress on the penultimate syllable.

The consistency in stress placement on the penultimate syllable across these words demonstrates a common pattern in Polish adjective formation. The complexity arises from the compounding and inflectional morphology.

{
"syllable_analysis": [
    {"syllable": "dwu", "ipa_transcription": "/dv/", "description": "Open syllable, initial consonant cluster."},
    {"syllable": "dzie", "ipa_transcription": "/d͡ʑɛ/", "description": "Open syllable, palatalized consonant."},
    {"syllable": "sto", "ipa_transcription": "/stɔ/", "description": "Closed syllable, consonant cluster onset."},
    {"syllable": "cze", "ipa_transcription": "/t͡ʂɛ/", "description": "Open syllable, affricate onset."},
    {"syllable": "ro", "ipa_transcription": "/rɔ/", "description": "Open syllable."},
    {"syllable": "le", "ipa_transcription": "/lɛ/", "description": "Open syllable, stressed syllable."},
    {"syllable": "tni", "ipa_transcription": "/tɲi/", "description": "Closed syllable, palatalized consonant."},
    {"syllable": "e", "ipa_transcription": "/ɛ/", "description": "Open syllable, vowel only."},
    {"syllable": "go", "ipa_transcription": "/ɡɔ/", "description": "Closed syllable, final consonant."}
],
"syllable_division": "dwu-dzie-sto-cze-ro-le-tni-e-go",
"morphemic_breakdown": {
    "prefix": {
        "value": "dwu-",
        "additional": "Proto-Slavic *dъvъ* meaning 'two', numeral prefix."
    },
    "root": {
        "value": "dziesiąt",
        "additional": "Base for forming numbers, meaning 'ten'."
    },
    "root": {
        "value": "cztero",
        "additional": "Base for forming numbers, meaning 'four'."
    },
    "root": {
        "value": "letni",
        "additional": "Related to *lata* (years), indicating age."
    },
    "suffix": {
        "value": "-ego",
        "additional": "Genitive singular masculine ending."
    }
},
"phonetic_transcription": "/dvud͡ʑɛɕtɔt͡ʂɛrɔlɛtɲɛɡɔ/",
"stress_pattern": {
    "value": "000001000",
    "explanation": "Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable 'le'."
},
"meanings": [
    {
        "part_of_speech": "adjective",
        "definitions": [
            {
                "definition": "Twenty-four-year-old (masculine genitive singular)",
                "translation": "Twenty-four-year-old",
                "synonyms": ["Młody dwudziestolat"],
                "antonyms": ["Stary"],
                "examples": ["Syn znajomego, dwudziestoczteroletniego studenta, był bardzo inteligentny."]
            }
        ]
    }
],
"similar_words_comparison": [
    {
        "word": "dwadzieścia",
        "syllables": "dwa-dzie-ścia",
        "reason": "Shares the 'dwu-' and 'dziesiąt' morphemes."
    },
    {
        "word": "trzydziestolatka",
        "syllables": "trzy-dzie-sto-lat-ka",
        "reason": "Similar structure with 'dziesiąt' and age-related suffix."
    },
    {
        "word": "pięcioroletni",
        "syllables": "pię-cio-ro-let-ni",
        "reason": "Shares the '-letni' suffix indicating age."
    }
],
"division_rules": [
    {
        "rule": "Onset Maximization",
        "how": "Polish prefers to maximize the number of consonants in the onset of a syllable."
    },
    {
        "rule": "Avoidance of Stranded Consonants",
        "how": "Consonants are generally not left without a following vowel."
    }
],
"special_considerations": [
    "The *rz* cluster is treated as a single phoneme /ʐ/ in this case.",
    "Consonant clusters are common and require careful syllabification.",
    "Inflectional endings can alter the final syllable."
],
"short_analysis": "The word 'dwudziestoczteroletniego' is a complex Polish adjective formed through compounding and inflection. Syllabification follows onset maximization and avoidance of stranded consonants, with stress on the penultimate syllable. The morphemic structure reveals its origins in numeral and age-related roots."
}