Hyphenation ofdziewiętnastogodzinnego

Polish Word Analysis: dziewiętnastogodzinnego

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "dziewiętnastogodzinnego" is a complex Polish adjective meaning "nineteenth-hour" (genitive singular). It's a derived form, built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves a sequence of consonants and vowels typical of Polish, with potential for palatalization and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Polish syllabification rules, which generally favor open syllables (CV) and avoid consonant clusters at syllable boundaries where possible, the division is as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: dziewięt- (nine-), from Proto-Slavic devętь
• Root: -nast- (teen-), from Proto-Slavic nastъ
• Stem: dziewiętnasto- (nineteen-)
• Suffix: -godzin- (hour-), from Proto-Slavic godina
• Suffix: -nego (genitive singular masculine/neuter adjective ending), a highly inflectional suffix.

4. Stress Identification:

Polish stress is generally fixed on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable. In this case, the stress falls on go- in godzin.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/d͡ʑɛˈvjɛ̃tnastɔɡɔˈd͡ʑinɛɡɔ/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• dzie- /d͡ʑɛ/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Polish prefers open syllables. Exception: Initial consonant cluster d͡ʑ is permissible.
• wię- /vjɛ̃/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Polish prefers open syllables. The ę represents a nasal vowel.
• tna- /ˈtnast/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Polish prefers open syllables. The t is palatalized before na.
• sto- /stɔ/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Polish prefers open syllables.
• go- /ɡɔ/ - Open syllable (CV). This is the stressed syllable. Rule: Polish stress is generally penultimate.
• dzi- /d͡ʑi/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Polish prefers open syllables.
• nę- /ˈnɛ/ - Open syllable (CV). This syllable receives secondary stress due to the penultimate stress rule.
• go- /ɡɔ/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Polish prefers open syllables.

7. Edge Case Review:

The consonant clusters d͡ʑ and st are permissible at the beginning of syllables in Polish, though they can sometimes be simplified in rapid speech. The nasal vowel ę requires careful transcription.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective in the genitive singular form. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: dziewiętnastogodzinnego
• Translation: nineteenth-hour (genitive singular)
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions: Relating to the nineteenth hour of the day (usually referring to 7 PM).
• Synonyms: siedemnasto-godzinnego (seventeen-hour, used in different contexts)
• Antonyms: (depends on context, e.g., porannego - morning)
• Examples: "Spotkanie odbyło się po dziewiętnastogodzinnego." (The meeting took place after 7 PM.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in vowel pronunciation (e.g., the degree of nasalization in ę) might exist, but they don't significantly alter the syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• piętnastogodzinnego (fifteenth-hour): Syllable division: pię-tna-sto-go-dzi-nę-go. Similar structure, demonstrating consistent application of CV syllable structure.
• dwudziestogodzinnego (twentieth-hour): Syllable division: dwu-dzie-sto-go-dzi-nę-go. Similar structure, with a slightly more complex initial cluster.
• trzynastogodzinnego (thirteenth-hour): Syllable division: trzy-na-sto-go-dzi-nę-go. Similar structure, showing the consistent application of syllable division rules.