Hyphenation ofdziewięćdziesięciokrotnego
Syllable Division:
dzie-wię-ćd-zie-się-cio-krot-ne-go
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/d͡ʑɛˈvjɛ̃t͡ɕd͡ʑɛˈɕɛ̃ɲt͡ɕɔˈkrɔtnɛɡɔ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
010101101
Stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('cie'), as is typical in Polish. The primary stress is indicated by '1', while '0' represents unstressed syllables.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, contains a nasal vowel.
Closed syllable, contains a consonant cluster.
Open syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, contains a nasal vowel.
Open syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, contains a consonant cluster.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: dziewięć-
Native Polish numeral prefix meaning 'nine'.
Root: dziesięciokrot-
Derived from 'dziesięć' (ten) and 'krotny' (fold, multiple). Slavic origin.
Suffix: -nego
Genitive singular masculine/neuter adjective ending. Slavic origin, inflectional suffix.
Relating to nine times or ninefold; of nine times the amount.
Translation: ninefold, nine times
Examples:
"koszt dziewięćdziesięciokrotnego remontu"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the initial 'dziewięć-' component and similar syllable structure.
Shares the 'dziesięciokrot-' stem.
Demonstrates a simpler syllable structure with fewer consonant clusters, providing a contrast.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Consonant Cluster Preservation
Polish syllabification prioritizes keeping consonant clusters intact within a syllable whenever possible. This is evident in syllables like 'ćd' and 'krot'.
Vowel-Based Division
Syllables are generally divided around vowels. Each vowel typically forms the nucleus of a syllable.
Open vs. Closed Syllables
Syllables ending in a vowel are considered open, while those ending in a consonant are closed. This distinction influences pronunciation and syllable weight.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The presence of nasal vowels (ę, ą) influences syllable weight and pronunciation, but doesn't alter the basic syllabification rules.
Palatalized consonants (ć, dź, ś, ź, ń) are treated as single units within syllables.
The word's length and complexity require careful application of the rules to avoid misdivision.
Summary:
The word 'dziewięćdziesięciokrotnego' is divided into nine syllables based on Polish syllabification rules, prioritizing consonant cluster preservation and vowel-based division. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable. The word is morphologically complex, consisting of a numeral prefix, a derived stem, and a genitive suffix. Its phonetic transcription reflects the characteristic sounds of Polish, including nasal vowels and palatalized consonants.
Detailed Analysis:
Polish Word Analysis: dziewięćdziesięciokrotnego
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "dziewięćdziesięciokrotnego" is a highly inflected Polish adjective/noun in the genitive singular case. It's a complex word formed through compounding and affixation. Pronunciation involves several consonant clusters, typical of Polish, and requires careful attention to vowel quality and nasalization.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Polish syllabification rules, which prioritize preserving consonant clusters within syllables whenever possible, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: dziewięć- (nine) - Native Polish, numeral prefix.
- Stem: -dziesięciokrot- (ten-times/fold) - Derived from dziesięć (ten) + krotny (fold, multiple). dziesięć is of Slavic origin, krotny is also native Polish.
- Suffix: -nego - Genitive singular masculine/neuter adjective ending. Slavic origin, inflectional suffix.
4. Stress Identification:
Polish stress generally falls on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable. In this case, the stress falls on cie.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/d͡ʑɛˈvjɛ̃t͡ɕd͡ʑɛˈɕɛ̃ɲt͡ɕɔˈkrɔtnɛɡɔ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Polish syllabification allows for complex consonant clusters, and this word exemplifies that. The dz and ci clusters are common and remain intact within syllables. Nasal vowels (ę, ą) influence syllable weight and pronunciation.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective or a noun in the genitive singular case. The syllabification remains consistent regardless of its specific grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to nine times or ninefold; of nine times the amount.
- Translation: ninefold, nine times
- Grammatical Category: Adjective/Noun (genitive singular)
- Synonyms: dziewięcionasobny (nine-person), dziewięciokrotnie (nine times)
- Antonyms: jednokrotny (single, one-time)
- Examples: "koszt dziewięćdziesięciokrotnego remontu" (the cost of a ninefold renovation).
9. Phonological Comparison:
- dziewięćdziesiąt (ninety): d͡ʑɛˈvjɛ̃t͡ɕd͡ʑɛˈɕat - Similar initial syllable structure.
- dziesięciokrotny (tenfold): d͡ʑɛˈɕɛ̃ɲt͡ɕɔˈkrɔtnɨ - Shares the dziesięciokrot- stem.
- jednokrotny (single): jɛdˈnɔkrɔtnɨ - Demonstrates a simpler syllable structure with fewer consonant clusters.
The differences in syllable structure are primarily due to the addition of the genitive suffix -nego and the initial dziewięć- component.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.