Hyphenation ofdziewięćdziesięciominutowemu
Syllable Division:
dzie-więć-dzie-się-cio-mi-nu-to-we-mu
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/d͡ʑɛˈvjɛ̃t͡ɕd͡ʑɛˈɕɛ̃t͡ɕɔmʲinutɔˈvɛmu/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
010010110
Stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('to'), indicated by '1'. All other syllables are unstressed ('0').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, contains nasal vowel.
Open syllable, repeated root element.
Closed syllable, contains nasal vowel.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, stressed syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: dziewięć-
Native Polish, numeral prefix meaning 'nine'.
Root: dziesięci-
Native Polish, numeral stem meaning 'ten'.
Suffix: -emu
Native Polish, dative singular masculine inflectional ending.
Relating to ninety minutes
Translation: Ninety-minute
Examples:
"Przedstawicielom poświęcono dziewięćdziesięciominutowemu wykładowi."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Numeral compounding and complex consonant clusters.
Numeral compounding, inflectional endings, and similar syllable structure.
Numeral compounding and similar syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Consonant Cluster Preservation
Polish avoids breaking up consonant clusters unless absolutely necessary, maintaining them within syllables.
Vowel-Based Division
Syllables are typically formed around vowels, with each syllable containing at least one vowel.
Penultimate Stress
Stress usually falls on the penultimate syllable, influencing the perceived prominence of that syllable.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The word's length and complexity present a challenge for syllabification.
The presence of nasal vowels (/ɛ̃/, /ɔ̃/) influences syllable structure.
The borrowed Latin stem ('minuto') adds to the complexity.
Regional variations in pronunciation might slightly affect syllable boundaries.
Summary:
The word 'dziewięćdziesięciominutowemu' is a complex Polish adjective meaning 'ninety-minute' (masculine, dative singular). Syllabification prioritizes preserving consonant clusters, with stress falling on the penultimate syllable. Its morphemic structure reveals a blend of native Polish and Latin origins.
Detailed Analysis:
Polish Word Analysis: dziewięćdziesięciominutowemu
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "dziewięćdziesięciominutowemu" is a highly inflected Polish adjective meaning "ninety-minute" (masculine, dative singular). It's a complex word formed through compounding and inflection. Pronunciation involves several consonant clusters, which are common in Polish but require careful syllabification.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Polish syllabification rules, which prioritize preserving consonant clusters within syllables as much as possible, the word is divided as follows (see JSON output for the orthographic representation).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: dziewięć- (nine) - Native Polish, numeral prefix.
- Stem: -dziesięci- (ten) - Native Polish, numeral stem.
- Stem: -minuto- (minute) - Borrowed from Latin minutus (reduced, small).
- Suffix: -owy (adjectival suffix, forming adjectives from nouns) - Native Polish.
- Suffix: -emu (dative singular masculine ending) - Native Polish, inflectional suffix.
4. Stress Identification:
Polish stress generally falls on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable. In this case, the stress falls on "-to-".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/d͡ʑɛˈvjɛ̃t͡ɕd͡ʑɛˈɕɛ̃t͡ɕɔmʲinutɔˈvɛmu/
6. Edge Case Review:
Polish allows for complex consonant clusters, and the syllabification aims to maintain these clusters. The "rz" cluster is treated as a single unit in syllabification. The nasal vowels /ɛ̃/ and /ɔ̃/ are also important considerations.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective in the dative singular masculine form. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of the grammatical case, but the stress pattern would remain the same.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: dziewięćdziesięciominutowemu
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- "Relating to ninety minutes"
- "Ninety-minute" (masculine, dative singular)
- Translation: Ninety-minute
- Synonyms: (None readily available, as it's a specific descriptor)
- Antonyms: (None readily available, as it's a specific descriptor)
- Examples:
- "Przedstawicielom poświęcono dziewięćdziesięciominutowemu wykładowi." (Ninety minutes were devoted to the lecture for the representatives.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- pięćdziesięciodwudziestu (fifty-twenty) - Syllabification: pięć-dzie-się-cio-dwo-dzies-tu. Similar complex consonant clusters and numeral compounding.
- trzydziestopięciolatkowi (to a thirty-five-year-old man) - Syllabification: trzy-dzie-sto-pię-cio-la-tko-wi. Similar compounding and inflectional endings.
- siedemdziesięciosiedem (seventy-seven) - Syllabification: siedem-dzie-się-cio-siedem. Numeral compounding with similar syllable structure.
The differences in syllable division arise from the specific consonant clusters and vowel sequences within each word. Polish syllabification prioritizes maintaining these clusters, leading to variations in syllable boundaries.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Consonant Cluster Preservation: Polish generally avoids breaking up consonant clusters unless absolutely necessary.
- Rule 2: Vowel-Based Division: Syllables are typically formed around vowels.
- Rule 3: Penultimate Stress: Stress usually falls on the penultimate syllable.
11. Special Considerations:
The word's length and complexity make it a challenging case for syllabification. The presence of nasal vowels and the borrowed Latin stem add to the complexity. Regional variations in pronunciation might slightly affect syllable boundaries, but the core principles remain consistent.
12. Short Analysis:
"dziewięćdziesięciominutowemu" is a complex Polish adjective meaning "ninety-minute" (masculine, dative singular). It's formed through numeral compounding and inflection. Syllabification prioritizes preserving consonant clusters, and stress falls on the penultimate syllable. The word's morphemic structure reveals its origins in both native Polish and Latin.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.