Hyphenation ofniesiedemdziesięciopięcioipółletniej

Polish Word Analysis: niesiedemdziesięciopięcioipółletniej

This analysis focuses on the Polish word "niesiedemdziesięciopięcioipółletniej," a highly inflected adjective.

1. IPA Transcription:

/ɲɛˈɕɛdɛmd͡ʑɛɕɛ̃t͡ɕiɔˈpɛ̃t͡ɕɔi̯ˈpuu̯lɛtɲɛj/

2. Morphemic Breakdown:

• Prefix: nie- (Old Polish, negating prefix, meaning 'not')
• Root: siedemdziesiąt (Proto-Slavic sedmь desętь, meaning 'seventy') - a numeral functioning as a base for age-related adjectives.
• Suffixes:
  • -pięcio- (Polish, derived from pięć 'five') - compounding element indicating 'five'.
  • -ipół (Polish, derived from połowa 'half') - compounding element indicating 'and a half'.
  • -letni- (Polish, derived from lata 'years') - forming an adjective meaning 'years old'.
  • -ej (Polish, genitive singular feminine ending for adjectives) - indicates grammatical case, gender, and number.

3. Stressed Syllable(s):

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: pięcioi and półle. Polish stress is generally fixed on the penultimate syllable, but can shift in certain compound words or due to emphasis.

4. Syllables List with IPA and Rule Explanations:

1. nie- /ɲɛ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
2. sie- /ɕɛ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
3. de- /dɛ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
4. m- /m/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels.
5. dzię- /d͡ʑɛ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
6. się- /ɕɛ̃/ - Open syllable. Nasal vowel. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
7. ci- /t͡ɕi/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
8. o- /ɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
9. pię- /pɛ̃/ - Open syllable. Nasal vowel. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
10. cio- /t͡ɕɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
11. i- /i/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
12. pół- /puu̯l/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
13. le- /lɛ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
14. tniej /tɲɛj/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.

5. Syllable Division Rules Applied:

• Vowel-Initial Syllable Division: The primary rule applied is dividing syllables before each vowel.
• Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken before vowels.

6. Exceptions/Special Cases:

• The nasal vowels /ɛ̃/ and /ɔ̃/ do not affect syllable division, but are important for phonetic realization.
• The palatalized consonants (e.g., /ɕ/, /t͡ɕ/, /d͡ʑ/) are treated like any other consonant in syllable division.

7. Word-Level Exceptions:

The length and complexity of the word, with multiple compounding elements, make it a challenging case. However, the basic syllable division rules consistently apply.

8. Grammatical Role & Syllabification:

The word is an adjective in the genitive singular feminine form. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of the grammatical case. Stress, however, could shift slightly with emphatic pronunciation.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions:
  • "seventy-five and a half years old"
  • Translation: "seventy-five and a half years old"
• Synonyms: (Descriptive phrases) "w wieku siedemdziesięciu pięciu i pół lat"
• Antonyms: "młody" (young)
• Examples: "Mieszkam w pobliżu niesiedemdziesięciopięcioipółletniej kobiety." (I live near a seventy-five and a half year old woman.)

10. Regional Variations:

Syllabification is generally consistent across Poland. However, pronunciation of certain sounds (e.g., nasal vowels) may vary slightly regionally. This doesn't significantly alter syllable division.

11. Similar Words Comparison:

1. siedemdziesięciodwuletni (seventy-two years old): sie-dzem-dzie-się-cio-dwu-let-ni. Similar structure, consistent syllable division.
2. pięćdziesięcioletni (fifty years old): pięć-dzie-się-cio-le-tni. Similar structure, consistent syllable division.
3. trzydziestopięcioletni (thirty-five years old): trzy-dzie-się-cio-pię-cio-le-tni. Similar structure, consistent syllable division.

The consistency in syllable division across these words demonstrates the reliability of the applied rules. The main difference lies in the specific numeral components and the resulting length of the word.