Hyphenation ofpięćdziesięciokilkuletniego
Syllable Division:
pięć-dźie-się-cio-kil-ku-le-tni-go
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/pjɛɲt͡ɕd͡ʑɛɕɛ̃t͡ɕɔkilkuˈlɛtɲɛɡɔ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000000100
Stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('let'), indicated by '1'. All other syllables are unstressed ('0').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial consonant cluster 'pj', nasal vowel.
Open syllable, affricate 'dź', vowel 'ɛ'.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant 'ś', nasal vowel 'ę'.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant 'ć', vowel 'ɔ'.
Open syllable, consonant cluster 'kil'.
Open syllable, vowel 'u'.
Open syllable, vowel 'ɛ'.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant 'ń', vowel 'i'.
Open syllable, consonant 'g', vowel 'ɔ'.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: pięć
Numeral prefix meaning 'five', Proto-Slavic origin.
Root: dziesięć
Root meaning 'ten', Proto-Slavic origin.
Suffix: -kilkuletniego
Combination of indefinite quantifier '-kilku-' and adjectival suffix '-letni-' with genitive ending '-ego'.
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the initial 'pięć-dźie-się-' morphemes.
Contains the 'kilku-' and '-letni' components.
Demonstrates similar prefix and suffix structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Consonant Cluster Preservation
Polish avoids breaking up consonant clusters within syllables whenever possible.
Vowel-Based Division
Syllables are generally formed around vowels.
Linking Vowels
Linking vowels like '-i-' create separate syllables.
Penultimate Stress
Stress falls on the second-to-last syllable.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The presence of nasal vowels (ɛ̃) requires careful pronunciation.
Palatalized consonants (ɲ, ć, d͡ʑ) influence syllable structure.
The 'dz' cluster is treated as a single affricate.
Summary:
The word 'pięćdziesięciokilkuletniego' is a complex Polish adjective syllabified based on vowel-centered syllables and consonant cluster preservation. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable. It's formed through agglutination of several morphemes, including a numeral prefix, a root, and adjectival suffixes.
Detailed Analysis:
Polish Word Analysis: pięćdziesięciokilkuletniego
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "pięćdziesięciokilkuletniego" is a highly inflected adjective in Polish, meaning "of a few dozen years old" or "of a several-decade-old". It's a complex word formed through agglutination of multiple morphemes. Pronunciation involves several consonant clusters, which are common in Polish but require careful syllabification.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Polish syllabification rules, which prioritize preserving consonant clusters within syllables as much as possible, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- pięć-: Numeral prefix meaning "five" (origin: Proto-Slavic *pętь).
- dziesięć-: Root meaning "ten" (origin: Proto-Slavic *desętь).
- -i-: Linking vowel, connecting stems (origin: Polish grammatical feature).
- -kilku-: Indefinite quantifier meaning "several, a few" (origin: Proto-Slavic *kilьkъ).
- -letni-: Adjectival suffix denoting age, "years old" (origin: Proto-Slavic *lětъ).
- -ego: Genitive singular masculine ending (origin: Proto-Slavic case endings).
4. Stress Identification:
Polish stress is generally fixed on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable. In this case, the stress falls on "-let-".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/pjɛɲt͡ɕd͡ʑɛɕɛ̃t͡ɕɔkilkuˈlɛtɲɛɡɔ/
6. Edge Case Review:
The presence of nasal vowels (ɛ̃) and palatalized consonants (ɲ, ć, d͡ʑ) requires careful attention. The "dz" cluster is treated as a single affricate. The linking vowel "-i-" is crucial for euphony and syllabification.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective in the genitive singular masculine form. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of the grammatical case.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to or characteristic of someone or something that is several decades old.
- Translation: Of a few dozen years old, several-decade-old.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: starszy, dojrzały (older, mature)
- Antonyms: młody (young)
- Examples: "Mężczyzna w wieku pięćdziesięciokilkuletniego" (A man of a few dozen years old).
9. Phonological Comparison:
- pięćdziesięciu: /pjɛɲt͡ɕd͡ʑɛɕɛ̃t͡ɕu/ - Syllabification: pięć-dźie-się-ciu. Similar structure, but different ending.
- kilkunastoletni: /kilkuˈnastɔlɛtɲi/ - Syllabification: kil-ku-na-sto-let-ni. Shares the "kilku-" and "-letni" components.
- dwudziestokilkuletni: /dvud͡ʑɛsˈtɔkilkuˈlɛtɲi/ - Syllabification: dwu-dzie-sto-kil-ku-let-ni. Demonstrates how prefixes are handled in similar formations.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations might affect the pronunciation of nasal vowels, but the core syllabification remains consistent. Some speakers might slightly reduce the vowel quality in unstressed syllables.
11. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Consonant Cluster Preservation: Polish generally avoids breaking up consonant clusters within syllables.
- Rule 2: Vowel-Based Division: Syllables are typically formed around vowels.
- Rule 3: Linking Vowels: Linking vowels like "-i-" create separate syllables.
- Rule 4: Penultimate Stress: Stress falls on the penultimate syllable.
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