Hyphenation ofpięćdziesięciokilogramowe
Syllable Division:
pie-ęć-dzie-się-cio-ki-lo-gra-mo-we
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/pjɛɲt͡ɕ‿d͡ʑɛɕɛ̃ɲt͡ɕɔkʲilɔˈɡramɔvɛ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0001000101
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('cie'), following the general Polish stress pattern. The stress is marked as '1' in the string, while '0' represents unstressed syllables.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, contains a nasal consonant and a palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, contains a nasal vowel.
Open syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: pięć
Numeral prefix meaning 'five', Proto-Slavic origin.
Root: dziesięć
Root meaning 'ten', Proto-Slavic origin.
Suffix: ki-lo-gramowe
Combination of diminutive suffix 'ki', root 'gram' (weight, from Greek), and adjectival inflectional ending 'owe'.
Weighing fifty kilograms.
Translation: Fifty-kilogram
Examples:
"Użył pięćdziesięciokilogramowe worki z cementem."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares numeral root and similar inflectional patterns.
Demonstrates compounding with 'kilogramowy' and a different numeral root.
Shares the 'dzie' root and similar syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximize Onsets
Consonant clusters like 'dz', 'ci', and 'gr' are treated as single onsets to create syllables with initial consonants.
Avoid Stranded Consonants
Consonants are generally not left as the sole element of a syllable. Vowels are preferred as syllable nuclei.
Vowel-Centric Syllables
Syllables are built around vowel sounds, with consonants forming the onset or coda.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The palatalization of consonants influences syllable boundaries and pronunciation.
Nasal vowels require careful consideration in syllable division.
The connecting vowel 'o' simplifies the compound structure.
Summary:
The word 'pięćdziesięciokilogramowe' is a complex Polish adjective formed through compounding and inflection. Syllabification follows the principles of maximizing onsets and avoiding stranded consonants, resulting in ten syllables with primary stress on the penultimate syllable ('cie'). The word's morphemic structure reveals its origins in Proto-Slavic and Greek roots.
Detailed Analysis:
Polish Word Analysis: pięćdziesięciokilogramowe
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "pięćdziesięciokilogramowe" is a complex Polish adjective meaning "fifty-kilogram." It's formed through a series of compounding and inflectional processes. Pronunciation involves several consonant clusters and vowel reductions, typical of Polish.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Polish syllabification rules, which prioritize onsets and avoid stranded consonants, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- pięć-: Numeral prefix meaning "five" (Proto-Slavic origin).
- -dziesięć-: Root meaning "ten" (Proto-Slavic origin).
- -ki-: Diminutive suffix, also used in forming numerals (Proto-Slavic origin).
- -lo-: Connecting vowel, often used in compound words (Polish origin).
- -gram-: Root relating to weight, from Greek gramma (Greek origin).
- -owe: Adjectival inflectional ending, indicating gender, number, and case (Polish origin).
4. Stress Identification:
Polish stress is generally penultimate (on the second-to-last syllable). However, in words with numerous syllables and complex morphology, the stress can be less predictable. In this case, the primary stress falls on the "cie" syllable.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/pjɛɲt͡ɕ‿d͡ʑɛɕɛ̃ɲt͡ɕɔkʲilɔˈɡramɔvɛ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Polish syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The rule of maximizing onsets is crucial here. The "dz" and "ci" clusters are treated as single onsets.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Weighing fifty kilograms.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Translation: Fifty-kilogram
- Synonyms: (None readily available as it's a specific weight)
- Antonyms: (None readily available as it's a specific weight)
- Examples: "Użył pięćdziesięciokilogramowe worki z cementem." (He used fifty-kilogram bags of cement.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- dwadzieścia (twenty): dwa-dzie-ścia. Similar structure with numeral roots and suffixes.
- trzydziestokilogramowy (thirty-kilogram): trzy-dzie-sto-ki-lo-gra-mo-wy. Demonstrates the compounding pattern.
- czterdzieści (forty): czte-r-dzie-ści. Shows how the numeral root influences syllable division.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation (e.g., nasal vowels) might exist, but they don't significantly alter the syllable division.
11. Syllable Division Rules:
- Maximize Onsets: Consonant clusters are broken up to create syllables with onsets whenever possible.
- Avoid Stranded Consonants: Consonants are generally not left as the sole element of a syllable.
- Vowel-Centric Syllables: Syllables typically revolve around a vowel sound.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.