Hyphenation ofpięćdziesięciostopniowej
Syllable Division:
pięć-dzię-się-cio-sto-pni-o-wej
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/pjɛɲt͡ɕ‿d͡ʑɛɕɛ̃ɲt͡ɕɔˈstɔpnʲɔvɛj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00001001
Stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('sto'), indicated by '1'. All other syllables are unstressed ('0').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial consonant cluster 'pj', nasal vowel.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant 'dź', nasal vowel.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant 'ś', nasal vowel.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant 'ć'.
Open syllable, consonant cluster 'st', stressed syllable.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant 'ń'.
Open syllable, single vowel.
Open syllable, final consonant 'j'.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: pięć
Numeral prefix meaning 'five', Proto-Slavic origin.
Root: dziesięć-sto-pni
Combination of 'ten', 'hundred', and a root relating to degree, Proto-Slavic origins.
Suffix: -owej
Feminine genitive singular adjectival ending, Proto-Slavic origin.
Relating to or having a measure of fifty degrees.
Translation: Fifty-degree
Examples:
"Temperatura pięćdziesięciostopniowej gorączki była niebezpieczna."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'pięć-dzię-' morphemes and similar syllable structure.
Contains the '-stopniowy' suffix and follows similar onset maximization rules.
Similar syllable structure and stress pattern, demonstrating consistent application of Polish syllabification rules.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset Maximization
Consonant clusters are kept together at the beginning of syllables to maximize onsets (e.g., 'dzię', 'sto').
Avoid Single-Letter Syllables
Polish avoids syllables consisting of a single vowel, leading to the division of 'pięć' and 'o'.
Penultimate Stress
Stress falls on the second-to-last syllable, influencing the perception of syllable boundaries.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'dz' cluster is treated as a single onset.
Nasal vowels ('ę', 'ą') require careful phonetic transcription.
Palatalized consonants ('ć', 'ś', 'ń') influence syllable structure.
Summary:
The word 'pięćdziesięciostopniowej' is syllabified based on maximizing onsets, avoiding single-letter syllables, and adhering to Polish's penultimate stress pattern. It's a complex adjective formed through compounding and inflection, with a morphemic structure rooted in Proto-Slavic. The syllable division reflects the language's preference for consonant clusters and avoids isolated vowels.
Detailed Analysis:
Polish Word Analysis: "pięćdziesięciostopniowej"
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "pięćdziesięciostopniowej" is a highly inflected Polish adjective meaning "fifty-degree" (feminine genitive singular). It's a complex word formed through compounding and inflection. Pronunciation involves several consonant clusters, which are common in Polish, and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Polish syllabification rules, which prioritize maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable) and avoiding single-letter syllables, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- pięć-: Numeral prefix meaning "five" (origin: Proto-Slavic *pętь).
- dziesięć-: Root meaning "ten" (origin: Proto-Slavic *desętь).
- -sto-: Combining form meaning "hundred" (origin: Proto-Slavic *sъto).
- -opni-: Root relating to degree/step (origin: Proto-Slavic *stǫpь).
- -owej: Feminine genitive singular adjectival ending (origin: Proto-Slavic).
4. Stress Identification:
Polish stress typically falls on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable. In this case, the stress falls on "-sto-".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/pjɛɲt͡ɕ‿d͡ʑɛɕɛ̃ɲt͡ɕɔˈstɔpnʲɔvɛj/
6. Edge Case Review:
The cluster "dziesięć" presents a common challenge in Polish syllabification. The "dz" is treated as a single onset. The nasal vowel "ę" requires careful transcription.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. If it were used as a noun (less common, but possible in certain contexts), the stress pattern would remain the same.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to or having a measure of fifty degrees.
- Translation: Fifty-degree (feminine genitive singular)
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: (Context-dependent, relating to temperature or angles)
- Antonyms: (Context-dependent)
- Examples: "Temperatura pięćdziesięciostopniowej gorączki była niebezpieczna." (The temperature of the fifty-degree fever was dangerous.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- pięćdziesiąt (fifty): pięć-dzia-sąt. Similar structure, stress on the second syllable.
- trzydziestostopniowy (thirty-degree): trzy-dzie-sto-sto-pni-o-wy. Longer, but follows the same onset maximization rule.
- czterdziestostopniowa (forty-degree): czte-rdzie-sto-sto-pni-o-wa. Similar syllable structure and stress pattern.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation (e.g., nasal vowels) might exist, but they generally don't affect the core syllabification.
11. Syllable Division Rules:
- Maximize onsets: Consonant clusters are kept together at the beginning of syllables whenever possible.
- Avoid single-letter syllables: Polish avoids syllables consisting of a single vowel.
- Penultimate stress: Stress falls on the penultimate syllable.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.