Hyphenation ofsześćdziesięciokrotnemu
Syllable Division:
sześć-dzie-się-cio-krot-ne-mu
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ʂɛɕd͡ʑɛɕɛ̃ɲt͡ɕikrɔtnɛmu/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0001001
Stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('-cie-'), which is the fourth syllable from the end. The stress is primary (1).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial consonant cluster 'sz'.
Open syllable, initial consonant cluster 'dz'.
Open syllable, nasal vowel.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, initial consonant cluster 'kr'.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable, inflectional ending.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: sześć
Numeral 'six', prefix indicating multiple of six.
Root: dziesięć
Root meaning 'ten', Proto-Slavic origin.
Suffix: krot-ny-emu
Combination of 'krot' (times/fold), adjectival suffix '-ny', and dative inflection '-emu'.
Sixty-fold; sixty times as much.
Translation: Sixty-fold
Examples:
"Został nagrodzony sześćdziesięciokrotnemu większą sumą."
"Sześćdziesięciokrotnemu większy wysiłek był potrzebny."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar multiplicative adjective structure, differing only in the initial numeral.
Similar multiplicative adjective structure, differing only in the initial numeral.
Similar multiplicative adjective structure, differing in the initial numeral and vowel change.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset Maximization
Polish favors complex syllable onsets, allowing consonant clusters at the beginning of syllables.
Consonant Cluster Preservation
Consonant clusters are generally maintained within a single syllable rather than being split across syllable boundaries.
Vowel-Centric Syllables
Each syllable typically contains a vowel sound.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'sz', 'dz', 'ć', and 'kr' clusters are treated as single units in syllabification.
Nasal vowels ('ę') are integrated into the syllable structure without creating separate syllables.
The fixed penultimate stress pattern is a key characteristic of Polish phonology.
Summary:
The word 'sześćdziesięciokrotnemu' is a complex Polish adjective/adverb meaning 'sixty-fold'. It's syllabified as sześć-dzie-się-cio-krot-ne-mu, following Polish rules of onset maximization and consonant cluster preservation. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable. The word is built from the numeral 'sześć', the root 'dziesięć', and multiplicative/inflectional suffixes.
Detailed Analysis:
Polish Word Analysis: sześćdziesięciokrotnemu
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "sześćdziesięciokrotnemu" is a highly inflected Polish adjective/adverb in the dative singular masculine form. It's a complex word built from multiple morphemes. Pronunciation involves several consonant clusters, typical of Polish, and requires careful attention to vowel quality and nasal vowels.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Polish syllabification rules, which prioritize preserving consonant clusters within syllables whenever possible, the word is divided as follows (see JSON output for the orthographic representation).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- sześć-: Prefix, derived from the numeral "sześć" (six). Indicates a multiple of six.
- -dziesięć-: Root, meaning "ten". Origin: Proto-Slavic.
- -krot-: Root, meaning "times" or "fold". Origin: Proto-Slavic.
- -ny-: Suffix, adjectival suffix forming a multiplicative adjective. Origin: Proto-Slavic.
- -emu: Suffix, dative singular masculine inflectional ending. Origin: Proto-Slavic.
4. Stress Identification:
Polish stress is generally fixed on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable. In this case, the stress falls on "-cie-".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ʂɛɕd͡ʑɛɕɛ̃ɲt͡ɕikrɔtnɛmu/
6. Edge Case Review:
Polish syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The "sz", "dz", "ć", "kr" clusters are treated as single onsets or codas. Nasal vowels (like "ę") can sometimes influence syllable boundaries, but in this case, they are integrated into the syllable.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word functions as an adjective or adverb modifying a noun in the dative case. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of its specific grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Six times ten-fold; sixty-fold.
- Translation: Sixty-fold, sixty times as much.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective/Adverb (depending on context)
- Synonyms: (Context-dependent) wielokrotny (multiple), mnogokrotny (many times)
- Antonyms: (Context-dependent) pojedynczy (single), jednokrotny (one time)
- Examples:
- "Został nagrodzony sześćdziesięciokrotnemu większą sumą." (He was awarded sixty times the amount.)
- "Sześćdziesięciokrotnemu większy wysiłek był potrzebny." (Sixty times the effort was needed.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- pięćdziesięciokrotnemu (fifty-fold): Syllable division: pięć-dzie-się-cio-krot-ne-mu. Similar structure, differing only in the initial numeral prefix.
- trzydziesięciokrotnemu (thirty-fold): Syllable division: trzy-dzie-się-cio-krot-ne-mu. Similar structure, differing in the initial numeral prefix.
- czterdzieściokrotnemu (forty-fold): Syllable division: czter-dzie-ścio-krot-ne-mu. Similar structure, differing in the initial numeral prefix and the slight vowel change in "czterdzieści".
The consistent pattern across these words demonstrates the regular application of Polish syllabification rules, particularly the preservation of consonant clusters.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation (e.g., nasal vowels) might exist, but they generally don't affect the core syllable division.
11. Division Rules Applied:
- Onset Maximization: Polish favors maximizing the complexity of syllable onsets.
- Consonant Cluster Preservation: Consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable.
- Vowel-Centric Syllables: Each syllable typically contains a vowel.
- Penultimate Stress: Stress falls on the penultimate syllable.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of dividing words across lines in print or on websites. It involves inserting hyphens (-) where a word breaks to continue on the next line.
Proper hyphenation improves readability by reducing the unevenness of word spacing and unnecessary large gaps. It also helps avoid confusion that may occur when part of a word carries over. Ideal hyphenation should break words according to pronunciation and syllables. Most word processors and publishing apps have automated tools to handle hyphenation effectively based on language rules and dictionaries. Though subtle, proper hyphenation improves overall typography and reading comfort.