Hyphenation ofencefalografică
Syllable Division:
en-ce-fa-lo-gra-fi-că
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/en.t͡se.fa.lo.ɡra.fiˈka/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000001
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('că').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, 'c' pronounced as /t͡se/ before 'e'
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed, stressed syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: en-
Latin origin (in-), incorporative prefix.
Root: cefal-
Greek origin (kephalē), meaning 'head'.
Suffix: -ografică
Combination of -o-, -graf-, and -ică; indicates a recording process related to the head.
Relating to encephalography.
Translation: encephalographic
Examples:
"Înregistrarea encefalografică a arătat activitate cerebrală anormală."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the '-grafică' suffix, demonstrating consistent syllabification.
Shares the '-grafică' suffix, demonstrating consistent syllabification.
Shares the '-ică' adjectival suffix, demonstrating consistent stress and syllabification patterns.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Peak Principle
Each syllable contains a vowel sound.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are maintained unless pronunciation is difficult.
Penultimate Stress
Romanian generally stresses the second-to-last syllable.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The pronunciation of 'c' before 'e' and 'i' as /t͡se/ is a key feature of Romanian phonology.
No significant regional variations in pronunciation.
Summary:
The word 'encefalografică' is divided into seven syllables: en-ce-fa-lo-gra-fi-că. The stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('că'). It's an adjective derived from Greek and Latin roots, meaning 'encephalographic'. Syllabification follows the vowel peak principle and Romanian stress rules.
Detailed Analysis:
Romanian Word Analysis: encefalografică
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "encefalografică" is a complex Romanian word relating to encephalography. Its pronunciation involves several consonant clusters and vowel sequences typical of Romanian, a Romance language.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Romanian syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid breaking consonant clusters where possible, the word is divided as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: en- (Latin in-, meaning 'in, within') - functions as an incorporative prefix.
- Root: cefal- (Greek kephalē, meaning 'head') - denotes the 'head' aspect.
- Suffix: -ografică (combination of -o- (linking vowel), -graf- (Greek graphō, meaning 'to write, record'), and -ică (adjectival suffix)) - indicates a process of recording related to the head.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable (second to last).
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/en.t͡se.fa.lo.ɡra.fiˈka/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Explanation | Potential Exceptions |
|---|---|---|---|
| en | /en/ | Open syllable. Vowel followed by a consonant. | None |
| ce | /t͡se/ | Closed syllable. Consonant cluster 'c' followed by 'e'. Romanian allows 'c' before 'e' and 'i' to be pronounced as /t͡se/. | None |
| fa | /fa/ | Open syllable. | None |
| lo | /lo/ | Open syllable. | None |
| gra | /ɡra/ | Open syllable. | None |
| fi | /fi/ | Open syllable. | None |
| că | /ka/ | Closed syllable. Vowel followed by a consonant. Stress falls here. | None |
7. Syllable Division Rules Applied:
- Vowel Peak Principle: Each syllable must contain a vowel sound.
- Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are generally maintained within a syllable unless they are complex and difficult to pronounce, which isn't the case here.
- Penultimate Stress: Romanian generally stresses the penultimate syllable.
8. Grammatical Role & Syllabification Shifts:
"Encefalografică" is primarily an adjective. As an adjective, the syllabification and stress remain consistent. It can also function as a noun (less common), referring to an encephalogram. The syllabification remains the same in both cases.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: encefalografică
- Translation: encephalographic
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- Relating to encephalography.
- Of or pertaining to an encephalogram.
- Synonyms: (None readily available in Romanian without being overly technical)
- Antonyms: (None readily available)
- Examples:
- "Înregistrarea encefalografică a arătat activitate cerebrală anormală." (The encephalographic recording showed abnormal brain activity.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations & Regional Variations:
There are no significant regional variations in the pronunciation of this word. The pronunciation is fairly standardized across Romania and Moldova.
11. Phonological Comparison:
| Word | Syllables | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| fotografică | fo-to-gra-fi-că | Similar suffix structure (-grafică/-fotografică). Stress pattern is also penultimate. |
| geografică | ɡe-o-gra-fi-că | Similar suffix structure (-grafică/-geografică). Stress pattern is also penultimate. |
| istorică | is-to-ri-că | Similar adjectival suffix (-ică). Demonstrates the consistent penultimate stress in Romanian adjectives. |
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.