Hyphenation ofinterdisciplinară
Syllable Division:
in-ter-dis-ci-pli-na-ră
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˌinterdis.t͡si.pliˈna.rə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000101
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('na' in 'disciplinară').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, vowel-initial.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant-vowel.
Open syllable, consonant cluster-vowel.
Open syllable, consonant-vowel.
Open syllable, consonant-schwa.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: inter-
Latin origin, meaning 'between' or 'among', functions as a compounding element.
Root: disciplin-
Latin origin (disciplina), meaning 'teaching, learning, discipline', core meaning of the word.
Suffix: -ară
Romanian, feminine singular definite article + nominalizing suffix, indicates a feminine noun in the definite form.
Relating to more than one discipline or branch of learning.
Translation: Interdisciplinary
Examples:
"O abordare interdisciplinară este esențială pentru rezolvarea problemelor complexe."
"Cercetările interdisciplinare au dus la descoperiri importante."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with vowel-consonant alternation and penultimate stress.
Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable, and handling of consonant clusters.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Initial Syllable Rule
Every vowel initiates a new syllable.
Consonant-Vowel Rule
A consonant followed by a vowel typically forms a syllable.
Consonant Cluster Rule
Consonant clusters are generally maintained within a syllable unless pronunciation is difficult.
Palatalization Rule
The 'c' before 'i' is palatalized to /t͡si/.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'str' cluster is treated as a single unit within a syllable.
Stress pattern is typical for Romanian nouns ending in '-ă'.
Summary:
The word 'interdisciplinară' is divided into seven syllables: in-ter-dis-ci-pli-na-ră. It's a feminine noun with Latin roots, meaning 'interdisciplinary'. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable. Syllabification follows Romanian rules prioritizing open syllables and maintaining consonant clusters where phonetically cohesive.
Detailed Analysis:
Romanian Word Analysis: interdisciplinară
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "interdisciplinară" (interdisciplinary) is a complex noun in Romanian, formed through prefixation and suffixation. Its pronunciation involves a mix of vowel and consonant sounds, with a tendency towards open syllables. The 'r' is a tapped or trilled 'r' depending on regional variations.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Romanian syllabification rules, the word divides as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: inter- (Latin origin, meaning "between" or "among") - functions to create a compound word.
- Root: disciplin- (Latin origin, from disciplina meaning "teaching, learning, discipline") - the core meaning of the word.
- Suffix: -ară (Romanian, feminine singular definite article + nominalizing suffix) - indicates a feminine noun and the definite form.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: dis-ci-pli-na-ră.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˌinterdis.t͡si.pliˈna.rə/
6. Edge Case Review:
Romanian syllabification generally favors open syllables (ending in a vowel). Consonant clusters are often broken up, but in this case, the 'str' cluster in 'disciplinară' remains intact within a syllable due to phonetic cohesion.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Interdisciplinară" functions primarily as a feminine noun. The syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to more than one discipline or branch of learning.
- Translation: Interdisciplinary
- Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine, definite)
- Synonyms: pluridisciplinară, complexă
- Antonyms: unidisciplinară, simplă
- Examples:
- "O abordare interdisciplinară este esențială pentru rezolvarea problemelor complexe." (An interdisciplinary approach is essential for solving complex problems.)
- "Cercetările interdisciplinare au dus la descoperiri importante." (Interdisciplinary research has led to important discoveries.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- similar word 1: universitară (university, feminine) - u-ni-ver-si-ta-ră - Similar syllable structure with vowel-consonant alternation. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
- similar word 2: particulară (particular, feminine) - par-ti-cu-la-ră - Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- similar word 3: extraordinară (extraordinary, feminine) - ex-tra-or-di-na-ră - Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable. The 'str' cluster is handled similarly.
Detailed Syllable Analysis:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Description | Rule Applied | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| in | /in/ | Open syllable | Vowel-initial syllable following a consonant. | None |
| ter | /ter/ | Open syllable | Consonant followed by vowel. | None |
| dis | /dis/ | Open syllable | Consonant followed by vowel. | None |
| ci | /t͡si/ | Open syllable | Palatalization of 'c' before 'i'. | None |
| pli | /pli/ | Open syllable | Consonant cluster 'pl' followed by vowel. | None |
| na | /na/ | Open syllable | Consonant followed by vowel. | None |
| ră | /rə/ | Open syllable | Consonant followed by schwa. | None |
Syllable Division Rules Applied:
- Vowel-Initial Syllable Rule: Every vowel initiates a new syllable.
- Consonant-Vowel Rule: A consonant followed by a vowel typically forms a syllable.
- Consonant Cluster Rule: Consonant clusters are generally maintained within a syllable unless they are difficult to pronounce, in which case they are broken up.
- Palatalization Rule: The 'c' before 'i' is palatalized to /t͡si/.
Special Considerations:
The 'str' cluster in 'disciplinară' is a common occurrence in Romanian and is generally treated as a single unit within a syllable. The stress pattern is typical for Romanian nouns ending in '-ă'.
Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
The 'r' sound can vary regionally, from a tapped [ɾ] to a trilled [r]. This doesn't affect the syllable division.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.