Hyphenation ofinterna-țională

Romanian Word Analysis: internațională

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "internațională" (international) is a relatively complex Romanian word, heavily influenced by Latin. Its pronunciation involves several vowel and consonant sounds characteristic of Romanian, including the schwa sound /ə/ and palatalized consonants.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Romanian syllabification rules, the word is divided as follows (using only the original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: inter- (Latin origin, meaning "between" or "among") - functions to create a compound word.
• Root: național- (Latin origin, from natio meaning "nation") - carries the core meaning of the word.
• Suffix: -ă (Romanian suffix, forms the feminine singular definite article) - indicates gender and number.
• Suffix: -țională (Romanian suffix, forms an adjective) - indicates the adjectival form.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: na-ți-o-nal-ă.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/in.ter.na.t͡si.oˈna.lə/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• in-: /in/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• ter-: /ter/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken after the first consonant if a vowel follows. No exceptions.
• na-: /na/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• ți-: /t͡si/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are broken after the first consonant if a vowel follows. The 'ț' is a palatalized consonant, common in Romanian. No exceptions.
• o-: /o/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• nal-: /nal/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• ă: /ə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. This is a schwa sound, common in unstressed syllables in Romanian. No exceptions.

7. Edge Case Review:

The 'ț' sound (palatalized 't') doesn't pose a significant syllabification challenge, as it's treated as a single consonant unit. The schwa /ə/ is also common and doesn't affect syllable division.

8. Grammatical Role:

"Internațională" primarily functions as an adjective (feminine singular). If used as a noun (rarely, referring to an international organization), the stress pattern would remain the same.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: internațională
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions:
  • "Relating to the international sphere."
  • "International."
• Translation: International
• Synonyms: mondială, universală
• Antonyms: națională, locală
• Examples:
  • "O conferință internațională." (An international conference.)
  • "Relații internaționale." (International relations.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in Romanian pronunciation are minimal regarding this word. The schwa sound /ə/ might be slightly more open in some dialects, but this doesn't affect syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• național: na-ți-o-nal (similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable)
• organizațională: or-ga-ni-za-ți-o-nal-ă (more complex, but follows the same rules of vowel-centered syllables and consonant cluster breaking)
• culturală: cul-tu-ra-lă (simpler structure, but demonstrates the same principle of syllable formation around vowel nuclei)

These words demonstrate the consistent application of Romanian syllabification rules, where syllables are built around vowel nuclei, and consonant clusters are generally broken after the first consonant.