Hyphenation ofinternaționalism

Romanian Word Analysis: internaționalism

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "internaționalism" is a relatively complex Romanian noun, clearly of international origin. Its pronunciation involves a mix of vowel and consonant sounds, with potential for palatalization. The stress is crucial for correct pronunciation.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Romanian syllabification rules, the word divides as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: inter- (Latin origin, meaning "between" or "among") - functions to create a compound word.
• Root: național- (French origin, ultimately from Latin natio meaning "nation") - denotes the concept of a nation.
• Suffix: -ism (Greek origin, via French) - forms an abstract noun denoting a doctrine, principle, or movement.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable: na-.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˌinternat͡sjoˈnalism/

6. Edge Case Review:

Romanian syllabification generally favors open syllables (ending in a vowel). Consonant clusters are often broken up, but in this case, the 'ț' sound is treated as a single unit within the syllable.

7. Grammatical Role:

"Internaționalism" functions primarily as a noun. Its syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical context.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: The principle of advocating for international cooperation and understanding; a political movement promoting international solidarity.
• Translation: Internationalism
• Grammatical Category: Noun (masculine, singular)
• Synonyms: cooperare internațională (international cooperation), solidaritate internațională (international solidarity)
• Antonyms: naționalism (nationalism), izolaționism (isolationism)
• Examples:
  • "El este un susținător fervent al internaționalismului." (He is a fervent supporter of internationalism.)
  • "Internaționalismul a fost o forță importantă în secolul al XX-lea." (Internationalism was an important force in the 20th century.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• naționalitate (nationality): na-ți-o-na-li-ta-te. Similar structure, stress on the antepenultimate syllable.
• internaut (internet user): in-ter-nau-t. Shorter, but shares the inter- prefix and similar vowel patterns.
• socialism (socialism): so-cia-lism. Shares the -ism suffix and a similar stress pattern.

The differences in syllable division arise from the varying consonant clusters and vowel sequences within each word. "Internaționalism" has a more complex cluster (țio) requiring a single syllable.

Detailed Syllable Analysis:

Division Rules Applied:

1. Initial Syllable Rule: The first syllable is always formed by the initial consonant(s) and the first vowel.
2. Vowel-Consonant Rule: Each vowel generally forms a syllable, with any preceding consonants belonging to that syllable.
3. Stress Rule: Stress in Romanian often falls on the antepenultimate syllable, influencing pronunciation and potentially syllable perception.
4. Consonant Cluster Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken up before a vowel, creating separate syllables.

Special Considerations:

• The 'ț' sound is a single phoneme in Romanian, not a consonant cluster, and is treated as such in syllabification.
• The word's length and complexity require careful application of the vowel-consonant rule to avoid incorrect divisions.

Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exist in vowel quality or stress intensity. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllable division.