Hyphenation ofperfecționismului

Romanian Word Analysis: perfecționismului

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "perfecționismului" is a Romanian noun meaning "of perfectionism." It's a relatively complex word, built upon a Latin root and featuring several suffixes. Pronunciation involves a mix of open and closed syllables, and stress falls on the penultimate syllable.

2. Syllable Division:

The syllable division, adhering to Romanian rules, is: per-fe-cți-o-ni-smu-lui.

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: per- (Latin origin, meaning "thoroughly," "completely"). Function: intensifier.
• Root: fect- (Latin facere - to do, to make). Function: core meaning related to making or doing.
• Suffixes:
  • -ți- (added to the root to form the verbal adjective perfecționat - perfected). Function: derivational.
  • -o- (connective vowel, often used after palatalized consonants). Function: phonotactic.
  • -ni- (forms the noun perfecționism - perfectionism). Function: derivational.
  • -smu- (a variant of -ismu). Function: nominalization.
  • -lui (genitive/dative article). Function: grammatical (marks possession or indirect object).

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable: ni.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/per.fek.t͡si.o.nis.mu.luj/

6. Edge Case Review:

Romanian syllable structure generally favors open syllables (ending in a vowel). However, consonant clusters are permissible, especially in borrowed words or when suffixes are added. The cluster "-sm-" is relatively common in Romanian, though it can sometimes be simplified in rapid speech.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is a noun in the genitive/dative case. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of the case.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: perfecționismului
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Definitions:
  • Definition: Of perfectionism; relating to the pursuit of flawlessness.
  • Translation: Of perfectionism
  • Synonyms: [None readily available as it's a genitive form]
  • Antonyms: [None readily available as it's a genitive form]
  • Examples: "Critica perfecționismului este adesea constructivă." (Criticism of perfectionism is often constructive.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• oportunității (opportunity): o-por-tu-ni-tă-ții. Similar syllable structure with vowel-consonant alternation.
• responsabilităților (responsibilities): res-pon-sa-bi-li-tă-ți-lor. Similar complex suffixation and vowel-consonant patterns.
• imposibilităților (impossibilities): im-po-si-bi-li-tă-ți-lor. Similar prefixation and suffixation, with a consonant cluster.

The differences lie in the specific consonant clusters and vowel sequences, dictated by the root and suffixes used. "perfecționismului" has the "-sm-" cluster, which is less frequent than the "-tă-" or "-bi-" clusters found in the other words.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Vowel-Consonant Division: Syllables are typically divided after vowels (per-fe).
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Division: When a consonant cluster occurs between vowels, the division often occurs before the consonant that creates the strongest onset (cți-o).
• Rule 3: Suffix Division: Suffixes are generally treated as separate syllables (ni-smu-lui).
• Rule 4: Connective Vowel: Connective vowels are usually part of the preceding syllable (ți-o).

11. Special Considerations:

The "-sm-" cluster is a potential point of variation. Some speakers might slightly reduce the vowel before it, but the syllable division remains consistent. The genitive article "-lui" is always a separate syllable.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations are minimal for this word. However, some speakers might slightly palatalize the "c" in "cți," but this doesn't affect the syllable division.